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首页> 外文期刊>Psychological medicine >Experimental manipulation of cognitive control processes causes an increase in communication disturbances in healthy volunteers
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Experimental manipulation of cognitive control processes causes an increase in communication disturbances in healthy volunteers

机译：认知控制过程的实验操作导致健康志愿者的沟通障碍增加

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Background. Although communication disturbances (CD) have been associated with poor cognitive control, it is unclear whether they are associated specifically with poor cognitive control or with poor cognition in general. The current research examined whether (a) two specific components of cognitive control, working memory and interference resolution, were associated with CD, and (b) associations between CD and cognitive control could be accounted for by generalized poor cognitive performance. Method. In this study, as healthy volunteers spoke, the level of cognitive demands was experimentally increased, thereby simulating cognitive deficits (i.e. a reduction in the degree to which certain types of cognitive processes could be used for speech). Hence, this research examined whether simulated cognitive deficits would cause an increase in CD. Participants also completed separate cognitive tasks that assessed working memory, interference resolution and general cognitive ability. Results. An increase in working memory demands caused an increase in CD. Moreover, working memory demands interacted with interference resolution demands, with the greatest amount of CD caused by both high working memory and high interference resolution demands. By contrast, increasing another cognitive demand, sustained attention, did not increase CD. Furthermore, performance on separate working memory and interference resolution tasks interacted to predict CD on the experimental speech task. However, performance on a psychometrically matched cognitive task did not predict CD. Conclusion. Overall, the current study provides evidence that working memory and interference resolution may be specifically associated with CD and that manipulations of these cognitive control processes can cause an increase in CD.
机译：背景。尽管沟通障碍（CD）与认知能力差有关，但尚不清楚它们是否与认知能力差或总体上与认知能力差有关。当前的研究检查了（a）认知控制的两个特定组成部分，即工作记忆和干扰解决方案，是否与CD相关，以及（b）CD与认知控制之间的关联是否可以归因于普遍的较差的认知表现。方法。在这项研究中，随着健康志愿者的讲话，认知需求的水平在实验上得到了提高，从而模拟了认知缺陷（即，某些类型的认知过程可以用于语音的程度有所降低）。因此，这项研究检查了模拟的认知缺陷是否会导致CD的增加。参与者还完成了单独的认知任务，这些任务评估了工作记忆，干扰解决方案和一般认知能力。结果。工作内存需求的增加导致CD的增加。此外，工作存储器需求与干扰解决方案需求相互影响，而高工作内存和高干扰解决方案需求导致CD数量最多。相比之下，增加另一个认知需求，持续的关注并没有增加CD。此外，在单独的工作记忆和干扰解决任务上的性能相互影响，以预测实验语音任务上的CD。但是，在心理上匹配的认知任务上的表现不能预测CD。结论。总的来说，当前的研究提供了证据，表明工作记忆和干扰解决可能与CD密切相关，并且操纵这些认知控制过程会导致CD增加。

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