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首页> 外文期刊>Public Administration and Development >HUMAN RIGHTS AND DEVELOPMENT: THE CASE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT TRANSFORMATION IN SOUTH AFRICA
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HUMAN RIGHTS AND DEVELOPMENT: THE CASE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT TRANSFORMATION IN SOUTH AFRICA

机译：人权与发展：南非地方政府转型的案例

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摘要

Local governments throughout the world are assuming a more important role in economic development of their communities as an increasing number of governments begin to decentralise powers and functions. As these lower levels of government seek sustainable local economic development (LED) strategies the human rights approach towards development becomes pertinent as globalisation accelerates. This article proposes an emphasis on socio-economic rights as the basis for sustainable LED in developing countries. The article is based on the experience of South African local government in the period after 1994, leading up to the first democratic local government elections on 5 December 2000. Proceeding from the view that the promotion of human rights is necessary for the promotion of economic development, the article critically assesses the role of local government in the promotion of LED through a rights-based approach. It is argued that the identification in the South African Constitution of local government with basic service provision (recently emphasised by a Constitutional court judgement) will place socio-economic rights at the centre of LED strategies in South Africa. It is argued that this is indeed the most appropriate cornerstone of LED in South Africa. However, the transformation process that leads the country towards its progressive Constitution needs to be maintained and this article identifies five broad areas for transformation that may still be needed to entrench an adequate human rights culture within the sphere of local governance.
机译：随着越来越多的政府开始下放权力和职能的权力，世界各地的地方政府在其社区的经济发展中发挥着越来越重要的作用。随着这些较低层级的政府寻求可持续的地方经济发展（LED）战略，随着全球化的加速，针对发展的人权方法变得越来越重要。本文建议强调将社会经济权利作为发展中国家可持续LED的基础。本文基于南非地方政府在1994年之后的经历，直到2000年12月5日的第一次民主地方政府选举。从以下观点出发：促进人权对于促进经济发展是必要的，这篇文章通过基于权利的方法严格评估了地方政府在促进LED发展中的作用。有人认为，在南非宪法中，对具有基本服务规定的地方政府的认同（最近由宪法法院的判决强调）将把社会经济权利置于南非LED战略的中心。有人认为，这确实是南非LED最合适的基石。但是，必须保持使该国朝着其渐进的宪法迈进的转型过程，并且本文确定了在地方治理领域内巩固适当的人权文化仍可能需要的五个广泛的变革领域。

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