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首页> 外文期刊>Public choice >Magnus Henrekson And Robin Douhan: The Political Economy Of Entrepreneurship, 2 Vols.edward Elgar, 2008
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Magnus Henrekson And Robin Douhan: The Political Economy Of Entrepreneurship, 2 Vols.edward Elgar, 2008

机译：Magnus Henrekson和Robin Douhan：创业的政治经济学，第2卷，爱德华·埃尔加，2008年

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In the past twenty years economic growth has become an increasingly-mainstream area of inquiry, driven in large part by the extension of general equilibrium macro models to the study of growth. One drawback of these models is that they have very little institutional content, and another line of inquiry in growth theory has emphasized the importance of institutions. These two volumes collect 49 articles that explain the importance of entrepreneur-ship to prosperity, emphasizing the importance of institutions. This institutional approach, in turn, shows the importance of public choice to an area of inquiry that, at first glance, may seem only peripherally related.rnAn important article in this literature-which, curiously, is referenced in the volume's introduction, but not included as a chapter-is Baumol's (1990) article on productive versus destructive entrepreneurship. Baumol argues that there is not much difference in the amount of entrepreneurial activity across countries, but that in some countries institutions push entrepreneurial activities toward rent-seeking and predation. If government policies favor certain groups, and transfer wealth from productive to politically-connected individuals, entrepreneurial individuals have the incentive to develop their political connections and amass political power so that they can be the recipients of wealth produced by others. Productive activity will be discouraged when productive output can be transferred through the political process from the producers to those with political connections, and entrepreneurs will be rent-seekers, not producers. Institutions are crucially important to prosperity, then, and public choice analysis offers the key to understanding why some nations prosper while others languish in poverty.
机译：在过去的二十年中，经济增长已成为研究的主流领域，很大程度上是由于将一般均衡宏观模型扩展到了增长研究。这些模型的一个缺点是它们的制度内容很少，而增长理论中的另一条查询线则强调了制度的重要性。这两本书共收集了49篇文章，这些文章解释了企业家身份对繁荣的重要性，并强调了制度的重要性。反过来，这种制度性方法显示了公共选择对于一个研究领域的重要性，乍一看，它似乎只是与外围相关。在该文献中，有一篇重要的文章奇怪地是在引言中提到，但没有包括在Baumol（1990）关于生产性企业家精神与破坏性企业家精神的文章中。鲍莫尔认为，各国之间的企业家活动数量并没有太大差异，但是在某些国家，制度将企业家活动推向寻租和掠夺。如果政府政策有利于某些群体，并将财富从生产者转移到有政治联系的个人，则企业家个体有发展其政治联系和积累政治权力的动机，以便他们可以成为其他人产生的财富的接受者。如果可以通过政治过程将生产性产出从生产者转移到具有政治联系的生产者，则生产活动将受到阻碍，企业家将是寻租者，而不是生产者。因此，制度对于繁荣至关重要，而公共选择分析则是理解某些国家为何繁荣而其他国家却在贫穷中挣扎的关键。

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