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BRIDGING THEORY AND PRACTICE

机译：桥接理论与实践

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摘要

New Public Management (NPM) and New Public Service (NPS) are major reform approaches promoted and debated in the public affairs literature as competing alternatives to the traditional bureaucratic paradigm. Research has focused more on theoretical and prescriptive questions than on empirical analysis of these approaches in practice. The present study examines their application in the context of local school districts. Findings suggest that elements of both approaches are common in local school districts, with the efficiency goal of NPM dominating budgetary practices. Districts tend not to adopt these reforms comprehensively, however, and some elements are far more widespread than others. Findings identify political and management variables associated with NPM and NPS approaches, as well as economic variables associated with an NPS approach. Specifically, a recent failure to meet adequate yearly progress, based on federal No Child Left Behind legislation, is a significant positive predictor for both NPM and NPS, while a business official's educational background in government has a negative association with both approaches. Findings also suggest that district poverty is negatively related to NPS and that the influence of district budget officials over the budgetary process is positively related to an NPM approach.
机译：新公共管理（NPM）和新公共服务（NPS）是公共事务文献中提倡和辩论的主要改革方法，是传统官僚范式的竞争性替代方案。研究更多地集中在理论和规范问题上，而不是在实践中对这些方法进行实证分析。本研究检查了它们在当地学区范围内的应用。研究结果表明，这两种方法的要素在当地学区都很常见，而NPM的效率目标则主导了预算实践。但是，各地区往往不会全面采用这些改革措施，而且某些因素比其他因素更为广泛。调查结果确定了与NPM和NPS方法相关的政治和管理变量，以及与NPS方法相关的经济变量。具体而言，基于联邦“不让任何孩子落伍”的立法，最近未能满足适当的年度进展，对NPM和NPS都是重要的积极预测指标，而企业官员在政府中的教育背景与这两种方法均存在负相关关系。研究结果还表明，地区贫困与NPS负相关，而地区预算官员对预算程序的影响与NPM方法正相关。

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