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Glacio–isostatic Adjustment in the Po Plain and in the Northern Adriatic Region

机译：波普平原和北亚得里亚海地区的冰川-静压调整

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摘要

Vertical movements in the Po plain (northern Italy) are controlled by natural and anthropogenic effects. Since Italy is located in the far–field of the former late Pleistocene ice sheets, isostatic deformations are primarily driven by melt water loading and represent a major component of long–term natural movements across the entire Mediterranean. In addition to far–field sources, here we consider the isostatic effects of melting of the nearby Würm Alpine ice–sheet, suggesting that it is possible to put bounds on its maximum thickness, extent and chronology by Holocene relative sea level observations from the northern Adriatic. Using various plausible ice models, and adopting a viscosity profile that matches Holocene relative sea level observations in the Mediterranean, we find that melting of the Alpine ice sheet is always responsible for upward movements in the Po plain, currently at rates of ~ 0.5 mm/yr. When both far– and near–field sources are considered, the rate of sea level change in the Venetian Lagoon for the most reasonable mantle rheology and melting chronology is negative, i.e., opposite to that attributed to human activity and recent climatic variations. However, its amplitude (fractions of mm/yr) is small compared to the secular signal observed by tide gauges (~2 mm/yr), which makes glacial isostasy a second–order mechanism of sea level variation in this region.
机译：波普平原（意大利北部）的垂直运动受到自然和人为因素的控制。由于意大利位于前更新世晚期冰盖的远处，因此等静变形主要是由融水载荷驱动的，并且是整个地中海长期自然运动的主要组成部分。除了远场资料外，这里我们还考虑了附近WürmAlpine冰盖融化的等静压效应，这表明可以通过北部全新世的相对海平面观测对其最大厚度，范围和年代进行限制。亚得里亚海。使用各种可能的冰模型，并采用与地中海全新世相对海平面观测值相匹配的粘度曲线，我们发现高山冰盖的融化始终是Po平原向上运动的原因，目前的速率约为0.5 mm /年。如果同时考虑远场和近场源，那么对于最合理的地幔流变学和融化年表，威尼斯泻湖的海平面变化率是负的，即与人类活动和近期气候变化引起的变化相反。但是，与潮汐仪观测到的长期信号（〜2 mm / yr）相比，它的振幅（mm / yr的分数）较小，这使得冰冻静息成为该区域海平面变化的二阶机制。

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