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首页> 外文期刊>Pure and Applied Geophysics >Spatial Variation of “Non-Rainfall” Water Input and the Effect of Mechanical Soil Crusts on Input and Evaporation
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Spatial Variation of “Non-Rainfall” Water Input and the Effect of Mechanical Soil Crusts on Input and Evaporation

机译：“非降雨”水输入的空间变化及机械结壳对输入和蒸发的影响

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摘要

“Non-rainfall” water is important to the soil water balance and ecology of arid ecosystems. A component of this “non-rainfall” water in the Namib Desert, fog, exhibits spatial variation implying variability in composition and significance of each vector (dew, fog, vapour adsorption) to ecology at different locations. The composition of “non -rainfall” water input directly into soil was investigated at two sites in the Central Namib Desert, Kleinberg and Gobabeb. Results showed spatial variation in composition between the sites, although vapour adsorption dominated input at both sites. Fog contributed more to total “non rainfall” atmospheric water closer to the coast (Kleinberg) compared to further inland (Gobabeb) but was lower than expected at both sites. Absolute values of fog input at both sites showed the opposite trend, Kleinberg 0.38 mm per night compared to Gobabeb 8.7 mm per night. This difference was attributed to the development of a mechanical crust on the soil surface at Kleinberg, which resulted in a significant reduction of vapour adsorption compared to Gobabeb. The crust also led to a significant reduction in evaporation from the sample at Kleinberg compared to the one at Gobabeb. Ecological differences between the two sites can be attributed to the development of the soil crust on the sample at Kleinberg and not on the sample at Gobabeb.
机译：“非降雨”水对土壤水分平衡和干旱生态系统的生态至关重要。纳米布沙漠中这种“非降雨”水的组成部分是雾，表现出空间变化，这意味着在不同位置，每种媒介的成分和重要性（露水，雾，蒸气吸附）对生态的重要性也存在变化。直接在纳米比亚中部沙漠的两个地点（克莱因贝格和戈巴贝）研究了直接输入土壤的“非降雨”水的成分。结果表明两个位置之间的成分在空间上发生了变化，尽管蒸汽吸附在两个位置上都占主导。与内陆地区（Gobabeb）相比，雾对靠近海岸（Kleinberg）的总“非降雨”大气水的贡献更大，但在两个地点均低于预期。两个站点的雾输入绝对值均显示相反的趋势，Kleinberg每晚0.38 mm，而Gobabeb每晚8.7 mm。这种差异归因于克莱因贝格（Kleinberg）土壤表面上的机械结壳的发展，与戈巴贝（Gobabeb）相比，这导致蒸气吸附的显着减少。与戈巴布（Gobabeb）相比，地壳还导致样品在克莱因贝格（Kleinberg）的蒸发量大大减少。这两个地点之间的生态差异可以归因于克莱因贝格样本而不是戈巴贝布样本上土壤结皮的发展。

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  • 来源
    《Pure and Applied Geophysics》 |2012年第12期|p.2217-2229|共13页
  • 作者

    K. F. Kaseke; A. J. Mills; K. Esler; J. Henschel; M. K. Seely; R. Brown;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Conservation Ecology, Stellenbosch University, P. Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa;

    Department of Soil Science, Stellenbosch University, P. Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa;

    Department of Conservation Ecology, Stellenbosch University, P. Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa;

    EnviroMend, P. O. Box 3918, Walvis Bay, Namibia;

    Desert Research Foundation of Namibia, 7 Rossini Street, Windhoek, Namibia;

    Climate Systems Analysis Group, University of Cape Town, P. Bag X1, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    “Non-rainfall” water; dew; fog; evaporation; soil crusts; spatial variation;

    机译：“非降雨”水;露水;雾;蒸发;土壤结皮;空间变异;

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