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A Mathematical Model of the Global Ocean Saltwater Density Distribution

机译：全球海洋咸水密度分布的数学模型

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摘要

We formulate a functional model which closely approximates the actual seawater density distribution. The methodology of finding a theoretical density model is based on the analysis of the global data of pressure/depth, salinity, and temperature from the World Ocean Atlas 2009 (provided by NOAA’s National Oceanographic Data Center) and the World Ocean Circulation Experiment 2004 (provided by the German Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency). The seawater density values are calculated according to the thermodynamic equation of seawater TEOS‐10. The global seawater density model is defined as a function of the ocean depth (to account for density variations due to pressure) and geographical latitude (to account for density variations due to salinity and temperature). A more complex functional density model is formulated to account for a large seawater density gradient within the pycnocline caused mainly by a combination of decreasing water temperature and increasing salinity with depth. The results of numerical analysis reveal that the new functional model based on the depth and latitudinal density variations approximates the actual seawater density distribution with a relative accuracy better than 0.45%. When incorporating the pycnocline density gradient correction, the accuracy further improves to about 0.25% (except for the shelf seas with the presence of the continental hydrological signal and other oceanographic factors). The results also show that the average seawater density (estimated from the experimental data used in this study) is 1038.5 ± 2.4 kg/m3.
机译：我们制定了一个功能模型，该模型非常接近实际的海水密度分布。寻找理论密度模型的方法是基于对《世界海洋图集2009》（由NOAA的国家海洋数据中心提供）和《世界海洋环流实验2004》（已提供）的全球压力/深度，盐度和温度数据的分析。由德国联邦海事和水文局提供）。海水密度值是根据海水TEOS-10的热力学方程计算得出的。全球海水密度模型定义为海洋深度（以考虑由于压力造成的密度变化）和地理纬度（以考虑由于盐度和温度导致的密度变化）的函数。拟定了一个更复杂的功能密度模型，以解释比高克星内较大的海水密度梯度，这主要是由于水温降低和盐度随深度增加而造成的。数值分析结果表明，基于深度和纬度密度变化的新功能模型近似于实际海水密度分布，相对精度优于0.45％。结合比高ococline密度梯度校正后，精度进一步提高到约0.25％（除了大陆水文信号和其他海洋学因素存在的架子海以外）。结果还表明，平均海水密度（根据本研究中使用的实验数据估算）为1038.5±2.4 kg / m3 。

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