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The environmental contexts of early human occupation of northwest Europe: The British Lower Palaeolithic record

机译：早期人类占领西北欧的环境背景：英国下古旧石器时代的记录

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摘要

There are now a growing number of sites with a range of proxies that enable a reconstruction of the human habitats of Early and Middle Pleistocene sites in northern Europe. This paper reviews the British record from these periods and concludes that humans were able to survive in a range of climatic and vegetational zones from the earliest occupation in the Early and early Middle Pleistocene. The likely source areas for colonising populations in southern Europe and the probable habitats to which they were adapted in these source areas is discussed. It is argued that colonising populations would need new strategies to cope successfully with northern latitudes, with technological innovations, such as clothing, shelter and possibly fire, being more likely than seasonal migration or physical adaptation. Finally, it is suggested that the earliest evidence prior to 500 ka reflects pioneering populations, perhaps of Homo antecessor, with only sporadic occupation of northern Europe. However, by 500 ka new technologies and other adaptive strategies enabled Homo heidelbergensis to have a more sustained occupation in northern latitudes.
机译：现在，越来越多的站点具有一系列代理服务器，可以重建北欧早期和中更新世站点的人类栖息地。本文回顾了这些时期的英国记录，并得出结论，从中更新世早期和早期开始，人类就能够在一系列气候和植被带中生存。讨论了在南欧定居的人口的可能来源地区以及在这些来源地区所适应的栖息地。有人认为，定居人口将需要新的战略来成功应对北部纬度，而服装，住所和可能的火灾等技术创新要比季节性迁徙或自然适应更有可能。最后，建议在500 ka之前的最早证据反映了开拓性的人口，也许是前人，仅零星占领了北欧。但是，通过500 ka的新技术和其他适应性策略，海德堡人得以在北纬地区获得更持久的占领。

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  • 来源
    《Quaternary International》 |2012年第31期|p.50-64|共15页
  • 作者

    Nick Ashton; Simon G. Lewis;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Prehistory & Europe, British Museum, Franks House, 56 Orsman Road, London N1 5QJ, UK;

    School of Geography, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK;

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