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首页> 外文期刊>Quaternary International >Environment-human relationships in historical times: The balance between urban development and natural forces at Leptis Magna (Libya)
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Environment-human relationships in historical times: The balance between urban development and natural forces at Leptis Magna (Libya)

机译：历史时期的环境与人的关系：利普提斯·麦格纳（利比亚）的城市发展与自然力量之间的平衡

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摘要

The relationships between human modification of the environment and natural events in the Roman city of Leptis Magna (UNESCO world heritage), western Libya, are analyzed. For the first time, the history of Leptis Magna is tested against a geomorphological and stratigraphical reconstruction and radiocarbon dating. Historical and archaeological interpretations or analyses indicate the occurrence of different extreme natural events as the cause of the town's decline: earthquakes, flooding, and tsunami. Geological and geomorphological surveys investigated the dynamics of the nearby Wadi Lebda, a major dryland stream that forms the depositional and erosional systems of the settlement area. Alluvial phases were studied by applying traditional stratigraphic analyses of outcrops and hand-cores. Additionally, the mapped flights of inset terrace surfaces provided insights into the human modifications of the natural depositional/erosional environment during historical times and the following alluvial phases affecting the Leptis Magna harbor. The results integrate the archaeological knowledge by providing some independent chronological constraints, and indicate that Leptis Magna history was tightly linked to the Wadi Lebda. Aware of the hazards related to devastating flooding, the Romans were able to cope with the threat posed by the wadi by performing engineering defensive hydraulic works around the town (dam and artificial channels). Once the economic decay began and the society could no longer guarantee the ongoing maintenance of these structures, the decline of the settlement started and the occurrence of destructive floods reclaimed the populated areas. Conversely, the occurrence of a large earthquake (365 CE), or of a tsunami that caused the disruption of the hydraulic systems and the infill of the harbor, has been discarded as primary cause of the decline of Leptis Magna.
机译：分析了利比亚西部罗马城市莱皮蒂斯·麦格纳（教科文组织世界遗产）中人类对环境的改造与自然事件之间的关系。 Leptis Magna的历史首次针对地貌和地层重建以及放射性碳测年进行了测试。历史和考古学的解释或分析表明，发生了导致城镇衰落的各种极端自然事件：地震，洪水和海啸。地质和地貌学调查研究了附近的Wadi Lebda的动力学，Wadi Lebda是形成定居区沉积和侵蚀系统的主要旱地水流。通过应用露头和手芯的传统地层分析方法研究了冲积期。此外，嵌入式梯田表面的映射飞行提供了有关人类在历史时期对自然沉积/侵蚀环境的改造以及影响Leptis Magna港口的随后冲积阶段的见识。结果提供了一些独立的时间限制，从而整合了考古知识，并表明莱普提斯麦格纳的历史与瓦迪·莱布达有着紧密的联系。罗马人意识到与毁灭性洪水有关的危害，因此能够通过在城镇周围进行工程防御性水利工程（大坝和人工渠）来应对旱谷带来的威胁。一旦经济衰退开始，社会无法再保证对这些建筑物的持续维护，定居点的衰退便开始了，破坏性洪水的发生又使人口稠密的地区恢复了生存。相反，大地震（365 CE）或海啸导致液压系统中断和港口填充物被丢弃，已被视为莱普提斯麦格纳（Leptis Magna）衰退的主要原因。

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  • 来源
    《Quaternary International》 |2011年第1期|p.171-184|共14页
  • 作者

    S. Pucci; D. Pantosti; P.M. De Martini; A. Smedile; M. Munzi; E. Cirelli; M. Pentiricci; L Musso;

  • 作者单位

    Istituto Nazionale di Geoflsica e Vulcanologia, Via di Vigna Murata, 605, 00143 Roma, Italy;

    Istituto Nazionale di Geoflsica e Vulcanologia, Via di Vigna Murata, 605, 00143 Roma, Italy;

    Istituto Nazionale di Geoflsica e Vulcanologia, Via di Vigna Murata, 605, 00143 Roma, Italy;

    Istituto Nazionale di Geoflsica e Vulcanologia, Via di Vigna Murata, 605, 00143 Roma, Italy;

    Sovraintendenza ai Beni Culturali del Comune di Roma, Via del Teatro Marcello 5, 00186 Roma, Italy;

    Dipartimento di Archeologia, Universita di Bologna, Via San Vitale 28, 48100 Bologna, Italy;

    Sovraintendenza ai Beni Culturali del Comune di Roma, Via del Teatro Marcello 5, 00186 Roma, Italy;

    Universita degli studi Roma3, Piazza delta Repubblka, 10, 00185 Roma, Italy;

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