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Radiation Protection Policies and Practice Rest on a Thin Sheet of Ice called Linear, No-threshold Hypothesis

机译:辐射防护政策和实践基于薄薄的冰,称为线性,无阈值假设

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摘要

Soon after the twin discoveries of X-rays and radioactivity, made only a few months apart, a few years before the close of the 19~(th) century, cancer incidence, initially skin cancers and then leukemia among the radiation workers became evident. Careful observations revealed that skin cancers among the radiation workers occurred mainly where the exposure to about 600r (6 Gy) had caused erythema (reddening of skin). In 1928, the National Committee for Radiation Protection and Measurement, USA fixed the tissue "tolerance dose" as 1/100~(th) of erythema dose (600r) spread over 30 days (i.e. 6 rad spread over 30 days) or 0.2r/day (in the S.I system it is about 1.86 mGy/ day or 680 mGy/year). The "tolerance dose" was thus prescribed within the limits of doses, which cause specific "deterministic" effects.
机译:在X射线和放射性的两次发现后不久,相距仅几个月,也就是19世纪末之前的几年,放射工作者中癌症的发病率,最初是皮肤癌,然后是白血病变得明显了。仔细的观察表明,放射线工作人员中的皮肤癌主要发生在暴露于约600r(6 Gy)引起红斑(皮肤变红)的地方。 1928年,美国国家放射防护与测量委员会将组织的“耐受剂量”固定为30天(即30天6 rad)的红斑剂量(600r)的1/100〜(th)或0.2r /天(在SI系统中约为1.86 mGy /天或680 mGy /年)。因此,在引起特定“确定性”作用的剂量范围内规定了“耐受剂量”。

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  • 来源
    《Radiation Protection and Environment》 |2017年第2期|51-59|共9页
  • 作者

    P. C. Kesavan;

  • 作者单位

    Distinguished Fellow, M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation,Taramani, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India;

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