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首页> 外文期刊>Regional Environmental Change >Federalism, water, and (de)centralization in Brazil: the case of the Sao Francisco River water diversion
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Federalism, water, and (de)centralization in Brazil: the case of the Sao Francisco River water diversion

机译：巴西的联邦制，水和权力下放：圣弗朗西斯科河调水案例

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摘要

The Brazilian Northeastern semi-arid region’s history has been characterized by drought, water scarcity, and poor living conditions. For the last 100 years, institutions have been established to support the state sector’s different attempts to solve the water scarcity and poverty problems in the region. In the Brazilian federalist model that combines centralized decision power with a decentralized execution of public policies, the federal government promotes large-scale infrastructure interventions, such as the São Francisco River Water Diversion Project (SFRWDP). This article aims to show how intergovernmental relations, under the Brazilian federal system, enable centralized decision-making processes. We will analyze the roles of subnational and national entities and the factors influencing their interaction. Even though decentralized participatory water institutions are in place, the federal government controlled and centralized the process of approval of the SFRWDP as well as its implementation and management. While federal agencies dispute control over decision-making processes and financial resources, the states lack financial and institutional capacity to use the power that is attributed to them by the Water Law. The persistence of a federal system that perpetuates the federal government’s central role and the interstates’ power inequalities, may continue to wreck any attempt to promote decentralization and subnational and interstate collaboration in the Brazilian context.
机译：巴西东北半干旱地区的历史特征是干旱，缺水和生活条件恶劣。在过去的100年中，建立了各种机构来支持国有部门解决该地区水资源短缺和贫困问题的各种尝试。在巴西联邦制模型中，集中决策权与公共政策的分散执行相结合，联邦政府促进了大规模的基础设施干预措施，例如圣弗朗西斯科河引水工程（SFRWDP）。本文旨在说明在巴西联邦系统下的政府间关系如何实现集中的决策过程。我们将分析地方和国家实体的作用以及影响它们相互作用的因素。即使有分散的参与式水机构，联邦政府也控制并集中管理SFRWDP的批准流程及其实施和管理。尽管联邦机构对决策程序和财务资源的控制权提出异议，但各州缺乏使用《水法》赋予他们的权力的财务和机构能力。延续联邦政府的中心角色和州际权力不平等的联邦制度的持续存在，可能会继续破坏在巴西背景下促进权力下放以及地方与州际合作的任何尝试。

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