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Changes in rice disasters across China in recent decades and the meteorological and agronomic causes

机译：近几十年来中国各地水稻灾害的变化以及气象和农业原因

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摘要

Both climate extremes and agricultural disasters have been reported to increase in recent decades; however, so far, we have little idea on the characteristics of agricultural disasters changes, as well as their meteorological and agronomic causes. Here, using the observed records on rice disasters at agro-meteorological stations across China and the meteorological indexes, we investigated the temporal and spatial changes of major rice disasters occurrence frequency and their relationships to climate change, climate extremes and agronomic practices from 1991 to 2009. We presented the temporal and spatial changes in occurrence frequency of major rice disasters, including droughts, floods, heat stress, chilling damage, insects and diseases, during the warmer period of 2000-2009, in comparison with the period of 1991-2000, based on both the observed records and the meteorological indexes. The results showed that changes in rice disasters could be largely ascribed to changes in climate extremes in recent decades. Floods, insects and diseases occurred more frequently at earlier growth stages; in contrast, chilling damage occurred more frequently at later growth stages in southwestern China during the period of 2000-2009, in comparison with the period of 1991-2000. Our findings highlighted the options should be taken timely and scientifically to reduce the disasters and to cope with ongoing climate change, based on the characteristics of agricultural disasters changes in recent decades.
机译：据报道，近几十年来，极端气候和农业灾害都在增加。但是，到目前为止，我们对农业灾害变化的特征及其气象和农学原因尚不了解。在这里，我们使用全国农业气象台站水稻灾害的观测记录和气象指标，调查了1991年至2009年主要水稻灾害发生时空的变化频率及其与气候变化，气候极端事件和农业实践的关系。 。我们介绍了2000-2009年温暖时期与1991-2000年相比，主要水稻灾害的发生时空变化，包括干旱，洪水，热应激，低温损害，昆虫和疾病，基于观测记录和气象指标。结果表明，水稻灾害的变化在很大程度上可归因于近几十年来气候极端事件的变化。洪水，昆虫和疾病在生长的早期阶段更频繁地发生。相反，与1991-2000年相比，在2000-2009年期间，西南地区较晚的生长期发生冷害。我们的研究结果强调，应根据近几十年来农业灾害变化的特征，及时，科学地选择各种方案，以减少灾害并应对持续的气候变化。

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  • 来源
    《Regional Environmental Change》 |2013年第4期|743-759|共17页
  • 作者

    Fulu Tao; Shuai Zhang; Zhao Zhang;

  • 作者单位

    Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;

    Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China;

    State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Adaptation; Disasters; Chilling damage; Droughts and floods; Climate extreme events; Heat stress;

    机译：适应;灾难;低温破坏;干旱和洪水;气候极端事件;热应激;

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