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The ecological implications of land use change in the Source Regions of the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers, China

机译：长江和黄河源区土地利用变化的生态学意义

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摘要

The alpine ecosystems in permafrost regions are extremely sensitive to climate change. The headwater regions of Yangtze River and Yellow River of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are on the permafrost area. Aerial photos of the Source Regions of the Yangtze and Yellow River taken in 1968 and three phases of TM images acquired from 1986, 2000, and 2008 were used to analyze the spatial alterations of the land cover and corresponding effects on the environment guided by landscape ecology theory. Firstly, land cover types were divided into three classes and 11 subclasses. Analysis results revealed the trends and magnitude of the eco-environmental changes in the regions over the past four decades and showed a continuous degradation of grasslands and the extension of desertification and salinization. Secondly, five landscape pattern indices (i.e., NP, MPS, PR, SHEI, CONTAG) commonly used in landscape ecological studies were calculated, and results showed that this region had become more centralized and diversified. Finally, the factors causing the degradation of alpine grasslands were analyzed. The regional climate exhibited a tendency toward significant warming and desiccation with the air temperature increased by 0.03 ℃ per year and relative stable precipitation over the last 40 years. And the temperature of permafrost in 0-20 cm soil layer obviously raised by 0.2-0.3 ℃ in the last 40 years. The combined effects of climate warming and permafrost variation were the major drivers for the changes of landscape in alpine ecosystems.
机译：多年冻土地区的高山生态系统对气候变化极为敏感。青藏高原的长江，黄河上游水源区处于多年冻土区。 1968年拍摄的长江和黄河源区的航拍照片以及1986、2000和2008年采集的TM图像的三个阶段用于分析景观生态学指导下的土地覆被空间变化及其对环境的影响理论。首先，土地覆被类型分为三类和十一类。分析结果揭示了过去四十年来该地区生态环境变化的趋势和幅度，并显示了草地的持续退化以及荒漠化和盐碱化的扩展。其次，计算了景观生态学研究中常用的五个景观格局指数（即NP，MPS，PR，SHEI，CONTAG），结果表明该区域变得更加集中和多样化。最后，分析了造成高寒草原退化的因素。在过去的40年中，区域气候表现出明显的变暖和干燥趋势，气温每年增加0.03℃，并且降水相对稳定。近40年来，0-20厘米土层的多年冻土温度明显升高了0.2-0.3℃。气候变暖和多年冻土变化的综合影响是高山生态系统景观变化的主要驱动力。

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  • 来源
    《Regional Environmental Change》 |2013年第5期|1099-1108|共10页
  • 作者

    Li Na; Wang Genxu; Liu Guangsheng; Lin Yun; Sun Xiangyang;

  • 作者单位

    Key Laboratory of Mountain Environment Evolvement and Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China,Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China;

    Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China;

    Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China;

    Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China;

    Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Land cover; Temporal and spatial patterns; Grassland degradation; Source Regions of the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers; Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau;

    机译：土地覆盖;时空格局;草原退化;长江和黄河源区;青藏高原;

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