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首页> 外文期刊>Regional Environmental Change >Transformation of a lowland river from a meandering and multi-channel pattern into an artificial canal: retracing a path of river channel changes (the Middle Obra River, W Poland)
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Transformation of a lowland river from a meandering and multi-channel pattern into an artificial canal: retracing a path of river channel changes (the Middle Obra River, W Poland)

机译：将低地河流从蜿蜒的多渠道模式转变为人工运河：追溯河道变化的路径（波兰中奥布拉河）

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摘要

At the beginning of the nineteenth century, a significant change in sedimentation took place along the middle course of the Obra River (W Poland): a "natural" channel bed was replaced by three artificial canals. Before that time the Obra River bed had been characterized by various river patterns (braided, meandering and disappearing in wetlands). GPR (ground-penetrating radar) surveys and the analysis of satellite and aerial images were carried out to retrace the natural river course near the village of Kopanica. The GPR, ground-truthed with core data, revealed that at least two types of the river pattern had been functioning here before the period of the hydrotechnical works: a large-scale meandering pattern (width-to-depth (w/d) ratio ranging from 15 to 40) and a relatively smaller-scale multi-channel pattern (w/d = 11-22). Possibly, the transformation was caused by forming a series of large floods followed by in-channel aggradation and avulsions. Next, the multi-channel pattern was artificially transformed into the North Obra Canal. This paper discusses possibilities of a creation of network of channels that were active after the construction of the North Obra Canal in the beginning of the nineteenth century. Such intervention would increase natural values of the presented section of the Obra valley. The presented study also shows that a detailed analysis of history and evolution of a given river course is needed before undertaking any restoration works.
机译：十九世纪初，沿奥伯河（W波兰）的中段沉积发生了重大变化：“天然”河床被三条人工运河所取代。在此之前，奥布拉河床的特征是各种河流形态（在湿地中辫状，蜿蜒和消失）。进行了GPR（探地雷达）调查以及对卫星和航拍图像的分析，以追溯Kopanica村附近的自然河道。根据核心数据进行地面调查的GPR显示，在水利工程开始之前，至少有两种类型的河流模式已经在这里发挥作用：大规模的曲折模式（宽深比）范围从15到40）和相对较小比例的多通道模式（w / d = 11-22）。可能是由于形成了一系列大洪水，然后进行了河道内的侵蚀和破坏造成的。接下来，将多渠道模式人工转换为北奥布拉运河。本文讨论了建立渠道网络的可能性，该渠道网络在19世纪初的北奥布拉运河建成后一直活跃。这种干预将增加所呈现的奥布拉山谷部分的自然价值。提出的研究还表明，在进行任何修复工作之前，需要详细分析给定河道的历史和演变。

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