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首页> 外文期刊>Regional Environmental Change >The E1 Nino and Southern Oscillation in the historical centennial integrations of the new generation of climate models
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The E1 Nino and Southern Oscillation in the historical centennial integrations of the new generation of climate models

机译：新一代气候模式的历史百年整合中的E1 Nino和南方涛动

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In this study, we compare the simulation of El Nino and the Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the historical integrations of 17 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) models with corresponding observations. The mean state and ENSO variations are analyzed in both the atmosphere and ocean and it is found that most of the CMIP5 models exhibit cold (warm) biases in the equatorial (subtropical eastern) Pacific Ocean sea surface temperature that are reminiscent of the split intertropical convergence zone phenomenon found in previous studies. There is, however, a major improvement in the representation of the power spectrum of the Nino3.4 sea surface temperature variations, which shows that, as in the observations, a majority of the models display a spectral peak in the 2-7 year range, have a near-linear relationship with the displacement of the equatorial thermocline and exhibit a robust atmospheric response to ENSO variations. Several issues remain such as erroneous amplitudes in the Nino3.4 sea surface temperature spectrum's peak and a width of the spectral peak that is either too broad or too narrow. It is also seen that most CMIP5 models unlike the observations extend the ENSO variations in the equatorial Pacific too far westward beyond the dateline and there is very little asymmetry in event duration between the warm and cold phases. ENSO variability forces a dominant mode of rainfall variability in the southeastern United States, especially in the boreal winter season. The CMIP5 exhibited a wide range of response in this metric with several displaying weak to nonexistent, some showing relatively strong, and one indicating excessively zonally symmetric teleconnection over the southeastern United States.
机译：在这项研究中，我们将El Nino和南方涛动（ENSO）的模拟与17个耦合模型比较项目5（CMIP5）模型的历史整合进行比较，并进行相应观察。分析了大气和海洋的平均状态和ENSO变化，发现大多数CMIP5模型在赤道（亚热带东部）太平洋海表温度表现出冷（暖）偏差，让人联想到分裂的热带交汇在以前的研究中发现的区域现象。但是，Nino3.4海表温度变化的功率谱表示有了很大的改进，这表明，正如观察到的那样，大多数模型都显示2-7年内的光谱峰与赤道温跃层的位移具有近乎线性的关系，并且对ENSO变化表现出强大的大气响应。仍然存在一些问题，例如Nino3.4海面温度频谱峰值的幅度错误以及频谱峰值的宽度太宽或太窄。还可以看到，与观测值不同，大多数CMIP5模型将赤道太平洋的ENSO变化扩展到距离日期线偏西的位置，向西偏远，并且在暖期和冷期之间的事件持续时间几乎没有不对称性。 ENSO的变化性是美国东南部（尤其是在冬季寒冷的冬季）降雨变化性的主要模式。 CMIP5在此度量标准中显示了广泛的响应，其中一些显示从弱到不存在，一些显示相对强，而一个显示在美国东南部过度地带对称遥相关。

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