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Optimal designs of multi-event interlocks

机译：多功能互锁的最佳设计

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摘要

In order to mitigate the detrimental outcomes of process anomalies, modern chemical plants are generally equipped with various safety interlocks. However, almost every conventional design was created by conjecturing the proper protective mechanism against a single abnormal event. In reality, multiple independent abnormal events may take place in many processes. Thus, there is a definite need to develop a systematic approach for designing the multi-event interlocks. In this paper, a realistic system (the sump of a distillation column and the corresponding fired reboiler) is adopted as an illustrative example to show three possible multi-event scenarios. The ultimate objective of this study is to construct a superstructure-based mixed integer non-linear programming (MINLP) model to generate the optimal design of any given process by minimizing the total expected lifecycle cost. Extensive case studies are also presented to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed design strategy. The resulting optimum specifications include: (1) the number of online sensors in each measurement channel and the corresponding voting gate, (2) the alarm logic, and (3) the number of actuators for each shutdown operation. Finally, from the optimization results, one can clearly see that the proposed multi-event interlock is always superior to a traditional one.
机译：为了减轻工艺异常的不利结果，现代化学厂通常配备各种安全互锁。然而，几乎每个传统的设计都是通过针刺针对单个异常事件的适当保护机制来创造的。实际上，多个独立的异常事件可能发生在许多过程中。因此，有一个明确需要开发一种用于设计多功率互锁的系统方法。本文采用了一种现实系统（蒸馏塔的贮槽和相应的烧制再沸器）作为说明性示例，以显示三种可能的多事件场景。本研究的最终目的是通过最小化预期的生命周期成本，构建基于超结构的混合整数非线性编程（MINLP）模型，以产生任何给定过程的最佳设计。还提出了广泛的案例研究以证明所提出的设计策略的可行性和有效性。由此产生的最佳规范包括：（1）每个测量信道中的在线传感器的数量和相应的投票栅极，（2）警报逻辑，以及（3）每个关闭操作的致动器的数量。最后，从优化结果来看，可以清楚地看到所提出的多功能互锁总是优于传统的。

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