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Atmospheric Optical Properties over the Russian Steppe during Summer

机译：夏季俄罗斯草原上的大气光学特性

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Atmospheric transmittance is estimated by measuring the direct-normal solar irradiance at the surface by a sun-photometer or a spectro-radiometer. Both of these types of instruments were used to determine the most variable components of the atmospheric transmission, aerosol optical thickness (AOT) and precipitable water vapor (PW) in cm, during an international field experiment, KUREX'91, held in July, 1991 in the Streletskaya Steppe Biospheric Reserve near Kursk, Russia. A narrow field of view sun-photometer provided AOT in 7 discrete spectral channels from 440-nm to 1030-nm and PW from observations in the 940-nm channel. A spectro-radiometer provided AOT at 70 spectral intervals in the 380-nm to 550-nm range. The latter also provided measurements of diffuse sky irradiance at the surface. Both the instruments were calibrated by the Langley plot method or the long-Bouguer method as it is known in the Russian literature. The derived AOT are inverted to obtain aerosol size distribution with the help of an algorithm based on Twitty's method. Size distributions derived by extinction measurements are compared with those derived from aureole measurements. Results from KUREX'91 show that on some days a significant portion of aerosols may be mono-disperse, indicating their anthropogenic origin.
机译：大气透射率是通过使用日光光度计或分光辐射计测量表面的直接法线太阳辐照度来估算的。在1991年7月举行的国际野外试验KUREX'91期间，这两种类型的仪器都用于确定大气传输中变化最大的成分，气溶胶光学厚度（AOT）和可沉淀水蒸气（PW）单位为cm。在俄罗斯库尔斯克附近的Streletskaya草原生物圈保护区。狭窄的视野太阳光度计在440 nm至1030 nm的7个离散光谱通道中提供了AOT，而在940 nm通道中的观察提供了PW。分光辐射计在380 nm至550 nm范围内以70个光谱间隔提供AOT。后者还提供了表面漫射天空辐照度的测量。两种仪器都通过Langley图法或long-Bouguer方法进行了校准，这在俄罗斯文学中是众所周知的。借助基于Twitty方法的算法，对导出的AOT进行求逆以获得气溶胶粒径分布。将通过消光测量得出的尺寸分布与通过金黄色测量得出的尺寸分布进行比较。 KUREX'91的结果表明，在某些日子中，很大一部分气溶胶可能是单分散的，表明它们是人为来源。

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