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Contemporaneous peer effects, career age and the industry involvement of academics in biotechnology

机译：同伴效应，职业年龄和学者对生物技术的行业参与

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摘要

This study explores the role of contemporaneous peer effects in driving an academic's involvement with industry. Specifically, we examine the influence of workplace peers and personal collaborators and how these effects are moderated by the career age of the scientist. Moreover, we look at situations in which both types of social influence are incongruent and the academic is faced with "dissonance". Based on survey data of 355 German academics in the field of biotechnology and publication data from the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE), we find that the scientist's involvement with industry increases with the orientation of the scientist's department toward industry ("localized peer effect"). This effect turns out to be moderated by the scientist's age, such that the localized peer effect decreases with age and finally turns negative for very senior scientists. Moreover, we find that a scientist's involvement increases with the industry orientation of the scientist's co-authors ("personal peer effect"), irrespective of the scientist's age. In case both types of social influence are incongruent, younger scientists will revert to localized norms while more experienced scientists will orient themselves more toward their personal collaborators.
机译：本研究探讨了当代同伴效应在推动学者参与行业中的作用。具体来说，我们研究了工作场所同龄人和个人合作者的影响，以及如何通过科学家的职业年龄来缓解这些影响。此外，我们考察了两种社会影响力不一致且学者面临“失调”的情况。根据355位德国生物技术领域学者的调查数据和《科学引文索引扩展》（SCIE）的出版物数据，我们发现，随着科学家部门朝着产业的方向发展，科学家对产业的参与也在增加（“本地化的同行效应” ）。事实证明，这种影响受科学家年龄的影响，因此局部同伴效应随着年龄的增长而降低，并最终对非常资深的科学家不利。此外，我们发现，科学家的参与程度随其共同作者的行业定位而增加（“个人同伴效应”），而与科学家的年龄无关。如果两种类型的社会影响力不一致，年轻的科学家将恢复本地化规范，而经验丰富的科学家将使自己更多地面向个人合作者。

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