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首页> 外文期刊>Research policy >Coming back home after the sun rises: Returnee entrepreneurs and growth of high tech industries
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Coming back home after the sun rises: Returnee entrepreneurs and growth of high tech industries

机译：太阳升起后返回家园：海归企业家和高科技产业的增长

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摘要

Recently, the role of returnees in the economic development of various East Asian nations has received much attention. The early literature on the relocation of the most highly trained individuals from a developing nation to a developed nation viewed the phenomena as a "brain drain." Since the 1990s, a new strand of thinking has suggested that for developing nations this was actually a positive phenomenon; as these expatriates studied and then worked abroad, they absorbed technical expertise, managerial, and entrepreneurial skills. These theories stipulated that these expatriates then returned home, and ignited a virtuous circle of technological entrepreneurship leading to rapid economic development. Much of this literature gives returnees a critical role in the home country's take-off period of the local information and communications technology (1CT) industry. This interpretative essay examines the evidence for three of the most prominent East Asian economic success stories - Taiwan, China and India - to determine the actual role played by returnees in their 1CT industries' growth. The key question is whether returnees were critical for the initial development period, or whether they played an important role only in the later, expansionary phase of the industry. We find, contrary to the current literature that returnees were not critical, in the initial formation of these countries' ICT industries, but did play an active role in the secondary developmental phase after indigenous entrepreneurs and policy makers had laid the groundwork for the industry.
机译：最近，海归在东亚各国经济发展中的作用备受关注。早期有关将训练有素的个人从发展中国家迁移到发达国家的文献认为，这种现象是“人才流失”。自1990年代以来，一种新的思路表明，对于发展中国家来说，这实际上是一种积极现象。这些外籍人士在国外学习然后到国外工作时，他们吸收了技术专长，管理和企业家技能。这些理论规定，这些外籍人士随后返回家园，并点燃了技术创业的良性循环，从而导致了经济的快速发展。这些文献中有很多使海归在本国起飞当地信息和通信技术（1CT）行业的过程中发挥了关键作用。这篇解释性文章探讨了东亚三大最成功经济成功案例的证据：台湾，中国和印度，以确定海归在其1CT行业的增长中所起的实际作用。关键问题是，返回者对于最初的发展阶段是否至关重要，还是仅在该行业的后期扩张阶段才发挥重要作用。与当前的文献认为返回者并不重要相比，我们发现返回者在这些国家的ICT行业的初始形成中起着关键作用，但是在土著企业家和政策制定者为该行业奠定基础之后，它们确实在次级发展阶段中发挥了积极作用。

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  • 来源
    《Research policy》 |2013年第2期|391-407|共17页
  • 作者

    Martin Kenney; Dan Breznitz; Michael Murphree;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Human and Community Development, University of California, Davis, United States,Berkeley Roundtabie on the International Economy, United States;

    The Scheller College of Business, Georgia Institute of Technology, United States;

    Sam Nunn School of International Affairs, Georgia Institute of Technology, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    high skilled immigrants; innovation; technology policy; economic growth; entrepreneurship;

    机译：高技术移民革新;技术政策;经济增长;创业精神;

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