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The effect of the triple helix system and habitat on regional entrepreneurship: Empirical evidence from the U.S.

机译：三重螺旋系统和栖息地对区域创业的影响：来自美国的经验证据

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摘要

The 'triple helix' of the university-industry-government relationship and habitat are accepted as important determinants of innovation and entrepreneurship. However, empirical explorations of the effects of these variables and their interrelationships on regional entrepreneurial activities are highly limited. To fill this gap, we investigate the effect of the triple helix system and habitat on birth and death rates of U.S. firms at the state level. As expected, we find that industrial R&D expenditure plays an important role in promoting regional firm birth. However, university and government R&D also generate a synergistic effect that indirectly influences regional firm birth rates. In addition, we find that the synergy between university and industrial R&D enhances the sustainability of firms, while the interactions between (1) university and government R&D and (2) government and industrial R&D are associated with an increase in firm death. Other factors linked to more favorable conditions for firm formation include higher educational attainment in a region, lower tax rate, and habitat factors affecting quality of life, such as lower housing prices and higher rates of health insurance coverage. In regions with high entrepreneurial activity, we find positive synergistic effects of the interactions between (1) university and government R&D and (2) university and industrial R&D on firm birth rate, suggesting that university R&D plays an important role as an 'entrepreneurial mediator' among the three spheres in the triple helix system. In low entrepreneurial regions, the only triple helix system factors significantly influencing firm birth rate were tax rate. This finding suggests that the independent and interdependent components of the triple helix system and habitat are less powerful in low entrepreneurial regions.
机译：大学-工业-政府关系和栖息地的“三重螺旋”被认为是创新和企业家精神的重要决定因素。但是，对这些变量及其相互关系对区域企业家活动的影响的实证研究非常有限。为了填补这一空白，我们在州一级调查了三重螺旋系统和栖息地对美国公司出生和死亡率的影响。不出所料，我们发现工业研发支出在促进区域性公司诞生方面起着重要作用。但是，大学和政府的研发也会产生协同效应，间接影响区域性公司的出生率。此外，我们发现大学与产业研发之间的协同作用增强了企业的可持续性，而（1）大学与政府研发之间以及（2）政府与产业研发之间的相互作用与企业死亡的增加相关。与更有利于公司组建的条件相关的其他因素包括该地区的受教育程度较高，税率较低以及影响生活质量的栖息地因素，例如住房价格较低和医疗保险覆盖率较高。在创业活动活跃的地区，我们发现（1）大学与政府研发之间的相互作用和（2）大学与产业研发之间的相互作用对公司出生率的积极协同作用，表明大学R＆D在“企业家中介”中起着重要作用。在三重螺旋系统的三个球体之间。在低创业区，唯一会严重影响公司出生率的三重螺旋系统因素是税率。这一发现表明，在低创业区，三重螺旋系统和栖息地的独立和相互依存部分的功能较弱。

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  • 来源
    《Research policy》 |2012年第1期|p.154-166|共13页
  • 作者

    Younghwan Kim; Wonjoon Kim; Taeyong Yang;

  • 作者单位

    KAIST, Industrial and Systems Engineering, 335 Cwahangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea;

    KAIST, Graduate School of Innovation and Technology Management and Department of Management Science, 335 Cwahangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea;

    KAIST, Graduate School of Innovation and Technology Management and Department of Management Science, 335 Cwahangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    triple helix; firm dynamics; regional entrepreneurship; habitat; RD collaboration;

    机译：三重螺旋公司动态;区域企业家精神;栖息地;研发合作;

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