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Career progress in centralized academic systems: Social capital and institutions in France and Italy

机译:集中式学术体系中的职业发展:法国和意大利的社会资本和机构

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摘要

We analyze the role of social capital in academic careers. We distinguish between ties with reputed scientists and laboratories (scientific and technical human capital) and ties with influential actors with respect to recruitment/promotion decisions (political capital). We use institution-wise bibliometric indicators to measure separately the two types of capital for a large sample of French and Italian academic physicists between 2000 and 2003/2005. Controlling for scientific productivity, seniority and gender issues, career progress is explained by: the scientist's affiliation to important public research organizations (scientific and technical human capital - France); his/her social ties with senior members of the discipline, who exercise control over careers (political capital - Italy), and the commitment to work with senior colleagues in his/her own university (political capital - Italy). Significant differences exist between the two countries also with respect to the importance of productivity, seniority, and gender.
机译:我们分析了社会资本在学术职业中的作用。在招募/晋升决策方面,我们区分与知名科学家和实验室之间的联系(科学技术人力资本)与与有影响力的参与者之间的联系(政治资本)。在2000年至2003/2005年之间,我们使用机构级的文献计量指标来分别测量大量法国和意大利学术物理学家的两种资本。控制科学生产力,资历和性别问题,职业发展的原因是:科学家与重要的公共研究组织(科学和技术人力资本-法国)有联系;他/她与该学科的高级成员的社会联系,后者对职业进行控制(政治首都-意大利),并承诺与自己所在大学的高级同事一起工作(政治首都-意大利)。在生产力,资历和性别的重要性方面,两国之间也存在重大差异。

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  • 来源
    《Research policy》 |2012年第4期|p.704-719|共16页
  • 作者单位

    KiTES-Universita Bocconi. Via C. Roentgen 1,20136 Milano, Italy,DIMI-Universita di Brescia, Via Branze 38.25123 Brescia, Italy,Observatoire des Sciences et des Techniques, 21 boulevard Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France;

    KiTES-Universita Bocconi. Via C. Roentgen 1,20136 Milano, Italy,GRETHA-Universite Bordeaux IV, Avenue Leon Duguit, 33608 Pessac cedex, France;

    KiTES-Universita Bocconi. Via C. Roentgen 1,20136 Milano, Italy,DIMI-Universita di Brescia, Via Branze 38.25123 Brescia, Italy,GRETHA-Universite Bordeaux IV, Avenue Leon Duguit, 33608 Pessac cedex, France;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    academic careers; economics of science; social capital; gender;

    机译:学术职业;科学经济学;社会资本;性别;

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