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Developing reputation to overcome the imperfections in the markets for knowledge

机译：发展声誉以克服知识市场的缺陷

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摘要

In addition to exploiting knowledge in own products and services, firms may externally commercialize their knowledge assets, e.g., by means of licensing out technology. Despite strong imperfections in the markets for knowledge, the commercialization of knowledge assets has recently become a broader movement. However, prior research has often neglected the external mode of knowledge exploitation despite the contradictory situation that some pioneering companies realize enormous benefits whereas most other firms experience strong managerial difficulties. Therefore, we analyze whether firms may increase their performance in licensing out technology by initiating market pull effects due to the reputation of being a valuable knowledge provider. We derive six hypotheses regarding determinants and consequences of building reputation, taking into account technological turbulence as an external contingency factor. The hypotheses are tested with new measures and data from a questionnaire-based study of 152 firms across industries. The results show that firms may overcome the imperfections in the knowledge markets by actively developing reputation. The path-dependent nature of reputation contributes to explaining the discrepancies between the success of some pioneering companies and the difficulties of most other firms.
机译：除了利用自己的产品和服务中的知识之外，公司还可以例如通过许可技术在外部将其知识资产商业化。尽管知识市场存在很大缺陷，但知识资产的商业化近来已成为一项广泛的运动。但是，尽管存在一些矛盾的情况，即一些先驱公司实现了巨大的利益，而其他大多数公司却遇到了严重的管理困难，但先前的研究常常忽略了知识开发的外部模式。因此，我们分析了由于作为有价值的知识提供者的声誉而引发的市场拉动效应，企业是否可以提高其技术许可的绩效。考虑到技术动荡作为外部偶然性因素，我们得出了关于建立声誉的决定因素和后果的六个假设。这项假设采用新的测度和数据进行了检验，这些数据来自基于调查问卷的跨行业152家公司的研究。结果表明，企业可以通过积极发展声誉来克服知识市场的缺陷。声誉的路径依赖性质有助于解释某些先驱公司的成功与大多数其他公司的困难之间的差异。

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