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首页> 外文期刊>Research policy >On sharks, trolls, and their patent prey-Unrealistic damage awards and firms' strategies of 'being infringed'
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On sharks, trolls, and their patent prey-Unrealistic damage awards and firms' strategies of 'being infringed'

机译：在鲨鱼，巨魔及其专利猎物上-不切实际的损害赔偿和企业的“被侵权”策略

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摘要

Patent trolls (or sharks) are patent holding individuals or (often small) firms who trap R&D intensive manufacturers in patent infringement situations in order to receive damage awards for the illegitimate use of their technology. While of great concern to management, their existence and impact for both corporate decision makers and policy makers remains to be fully analyzed from an academic standpoint. In this paper we show why patent sharks can operate profitably, why they are of growing concern, how manufacturers can forearm themselves against them, and which issues policy makers need to address. To do so, we map international indemnification rules with strategic rationales of small patent-holding firms and large manufacturers within a theoretical model. Our central finding is that the courts' unrealistic consideration of the trade-offs faced by inadvertent infringers is a central condition for sharks to operate profitably.
机译：专利巨魔（或鲨鱼）是拥有专利的个人或（通常是小规模的）公司，他们将研发密集型制造商困在专利侵权的情况下，以因其技术的非法使用而获得损害赔偿。尽管管理层非常关注，但它们的存在和对公司决策者和决策者的影响仍有待从学术角度进行全面分析。在本文中，我们展示了专利鲨鱼为何能够盈利运营，为何受到越来越多的关注，制造商如何能够主动反对它们以及政策制定者需要解决的问题。为此，我们在理论模型内将国际赔偿规则与小型专利持有公司和大型制造商的战略原理进行了映射。我们的主要发现是，法院对无意中的侵权者所面临的取舍问题的不切实际的考虑是鲨鱼获利运营的关键条件。

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