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The micro-determinants of meso-level learning and innovation: evidence from a Chilean wine cluster

机译：中观学习和创新的微观决定因素：来自智利葡萄酒集群的证据

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Most analyses of the relationship between spatial clustering and the technological learning of firms have emphasised the influence of the former on the latter, and have focused on intra-cluster learning as the driver of innovative performance. This paper reverses those perspectives. It examines the influence of individual firms' absorptive capacities on both the functioning of the intra-cluster knowledge system and its interconnection with extra-cluster knowledge. It applies social network analysis to identify different cognitive roles played by cluster firms and the overall structure of the knowledge system of a wine cluster in Chile. The results show that knowledge is not diffused evenly 'in the air', but flows within a core group of firms characterised by advanced absorptive capacities. Firms' different cognitive roles include some-as in the case of technological gatekeepers-that contribute actively to the acquisition, creation and diffusion of knowledge. Others remain cognitively isolated from the cluster, though in some cases strongly linked to extra-cluster knowledge. Possible implications for policy are noted. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：关于空间聚类和企业技术学习之间关系的大多数分析都强调了前者对后者的影响，并集中于集群内学习作为创新绩效的驱动力。本文颠倒了这些观点。它研究了单个公司的吸收能力对集群内知识系统的功能及其与集群外知识的相互联系的影响。它应用社交网络分析来识别集群公司扮演的不同认知角色以及智利葡萄酒集群的知识系统的整体结构。结果表明，知识不是“在空中”均匀地传播，而是在以吸收能力为特征的核心企业内部流动。企业的不同认知角色（例如，技术守门员的角色）在一定程度上有助于知识的获取，创造和传播。其他人在认知上仍与集群隔绝，尽管在某些情况下与集群外知识紧密相关。指出了对政策的可能影响。 （c）2004 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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