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Entrepreneurial use of context for technological system creation and expansion: The case of blockchain-based peer-to-peer electricity trading

机译:技术系统创造和扩展的创业用途:基于区块链的对等电力交易的情况

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This paper engages with the question of why certain radical innovations succeed while others fail or stagnate when encountering established actors and sector logics. We develop an analytical framework that extends the technological innovation systems (TIS) functional approach to explicitly account for contextual factors and entrepreneurial activities. We contribute to two ongoing debates: the conceptualization of context in TIS and the micro-foundation of TIS. First, a two-dimensional matrix is constructed to locate influential factors in the spatial (geographical) and sociotechnical (sectoral) contexts. Second, for early stages of the innovation process, we identify entrepreneurial activities as the locus of the system-building functions, i.e. the activities that use contextual and system-internal factors to develop the novel technological system. We use the TIS approach to analyze the innovation system build-up of peer-to-peer (P2P) electricity trading on a blockchain platform, materializing in two local projects, one in Australia and another in the USA. We find that how and why the new configuration succeeded in productively encountering electricity sector incumbents can be explained by the extent to which entrepreneurs could use opportunities in various contexts across spatial and sectoral boundaries.
机译:本文与为什么某些激进创新成功的问题,而其他人则在遇到建立的演员和扇区逻辑时失败或停滞不前。我们开发了一个分析框架,扩展了技术创新系统(TIS)功能方法,明确地解释了上下文因素和创业活动。我们为两项持续的辩论做出了贡献:TIS中的背景和TIS的微基础概念化。首先,构造二维矩阵以定位空间(地理)和社会技术(部门)背景下的影响因素。其次,对于创新过程的早期阶段,我们将创业活动确定为系统建设职能的基因座,即使用上下文和系统内部因素开发新型技术系统的活动。我们使用TIS方法分析在区块链平台上的同行(P2P)电力交易的创新体系积聚,在两个当地项目中实现,在澳大利亚,另一个在美国。我们发现,新配置如何以及为什么可以通过企业家在空间和部门边界的各种情况下使用机会的程度来解释如何在高效遇到电力部门的现有技术。

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