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The median and the mode as robust meta-analysis estimators in the presence of small-study effects and outliers

机译：中位数和模式在存在小学效应和异常值的情况下，鲁棒元分析估算

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摘要

Meta-analyses based on systematic literature reviews are commonly used to obtain a quantitative summary of the available evidence on a given topic. However, the reliability of any meta-analysis is constrained by that of its constituent studies. One major limitation is the possibility of small-study effects, when estimates from smaller and larger studies differ systematically. Small-study effects may result from reporting biases (ie, publication bias), from inadequacies of the included studies that are related to study size, or from reasons unrelated to bias. We propose two estimators based on the median and mode to increase the reliability of findings in a meta-analysis by mitigating the influence of small-study effects. By re-examining data from published meta-analyses and by conducting a simulation study, we show that these estimators offer robustness to a range of plausible bias mechanisms, without making explicit modelling assumptions. They are also robust to outlying studies without explicitly removing such studies from the analysis. When meta-analyses are suspected to be at risk of bias because of small-study effects, we recommend reporting the mean, median and modal pooled estimates.
机译：基于系统文献综述的Meta分析通常用于获得给定主题的可用证据的定量摘要。然而，任何Meta分析的可靠性受其组成研究的限制。一个主要限制是小学效应的可能性，当较小和更大的研究有系统地不同。由于报告偏差（即，出版物偏见），从与研究规模相关的研究或与偏见无关的原因产生的额外研究，可能导致偏差（即出版物偏见）产生的小型研究效应。我们提出了两种基于中位数和模式的估算，以通过减轻小型研究效应的影响来提高META分析中发现的可靠性。通过从发布的元分析中重新检查数据和进行仿真研究，我们表明这些估算者为一系列合理的偏置机制提供了稳健性，而无需明确建模假设。它们在不明确地从分析中明确移除这些研究的情况下也是强大的。由于符合小型研究效果，荟萃分析有偏见的风险，我们建议报告均值，中位数和莫代尔汇总估计。

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  • 来源
    《Research Synthesis Methods》 |2020年第3期|397-412|共16页
  • 作者

    Hartwig Fernando P.; Davey Smith George; Schmidt Amand F.; Sterne Jonathan A. C.; Higgins Julian P. T.; Bowden Jack;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Fed Pelotas Postgrad Program Epidemiol Pelotas RS Brazil|Univ Bristol MRC Integrat Epidemiol Unit Bristol Avon England;

    Univ Bristol MRC Integrat Epidemiol Unit Bristol Avon England|Univ Bristol Populat Hlth Sci Bristol Avon England;

    UCL Inst Cardiovasc Sci Fac Populat Hlth London England|Univ Groningen Groningen Res Inst Pharm Fac Sci & Engn Groningen Netherlands;

    Univ Bristol MRC Integrat Epidemiol Unit Bristol Avon England|Univ Bristol Populat Hlth Sci Bristol Avon England;

    Univ Bristol MRC Integrat Epidemiol Unit Bristol Avon England|Univ Bristol Populat Hlth Sci Bristol Avon England;

    Univ Bristol MRC Integrat Epidemiol Unit Bristol Avon England|Univ Exeter Coll Med & Hlth Exeter Devon England;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    median; meta-analysis; mode; robust estimation; small-study effects;

    机译：中位数;荟萃分析;模式;鲁棒估计;小学效应;

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