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首页> 外文期刊>The Review of Black Political Economy >Hurricane Katrina as an Experiment in Housing Mobility and Neighborhood Effects: Were the Relocated Poor Black Evacuees Better-Off?
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Hurricane Katrina as an Experiment in Housing Mobility and Neighborhood Effects: Were the Relocated Poor Black Evacuees Better-Off?

机译：卡特里娜飓风作为住房流动性和邻里影响的实验：搬迁的贫困黑人疏散人口状况更好吗？

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摘要

Hurricane Katrina induced hundreds of thousands of New Orleans citizens to evacuate and relocate to different neighborhoods. Some of these evacuees moved to neighborhoods with poverty rates lower than the one they left in New Orleans. With survey data on a small sample of black Katrina evacuees who registered for absentee voter ballots, this paper explores whether or not there were improvements in the welfare of black evacuees—neighborhood effects—as a result of moving to neighborhoods with a lower poverty rate. With data from a small sample of relocated Katrina evacuees, we provide matching estimates of the short-run treatment effect of different types of changes in neighborhood poverty on five different measures of individual welfare. Treatment parameter estimates reveal—conditional upon the change in origin to destination neighborhood poverty rate—positive neighborhood effects mostly for black evacuees who did not move from high poverty to low poverty neighborhoods, but could have. Our results suggest that at least in the short-run, antipoverty policies based on housing mobility and changing the poverty characteristics of neighborhoods are not necessarily effective in improving the welfare of poor black households.
机译：卡特里娜飓风导致成千上万的新奥尔良公民撤离并搬迁到不同的社区。这些撤离者中有一些搬到贫困率低于他们在新奥尔良留下的贫困率的社区。通过对一小部分登记了缺席选民选票的黑人卡特里娜飓风撤离者的调查数据，本文探讨了由于迁往贫困率较低的社区而导致的黑人撤离者福利的改善（邻里效应）。利用从搬迁的卡特里娜飓风撤离人员的少量样本中获得的数据，我们提供了对五种不同的个人福利衡量标准的不同估计的邻里贫困变化的短期治疗效果的匹配估计。治疗参数的估计揭示了条件-根据原住民向目标社区贫困率的变化-对没有从高贫困社区迁移到低贫困社区但有可能迁移的黑人撤离者的积极社区影响。我们的研究结果表明，至少在短期内，基于住房流动性和改变社区的贫困特征的反贫困政策不一定能有效改善贫困黑人家庭的福利。

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