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首页> 外文期刊>Review of Scientific Instruments >The influence of laterally inhomogeneous corrosion on electrical and optical calcium moisture barrier characterization
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The influence of laterally inhomogeneous corrosion on electrical and optical calcium moisture barrier characterization

机译：横向不均匀腐蚀对电和光钙湿气阻隔特性的影响

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The reaction of calcium thin films with water – monitored optically or electrically – is widely used for evaluating ultrahigh barrier foils for the encapsulation of organic electronic devices. We studied the common optical and the electrical method and compared them with in situ atomic force microscope topography scans. All three methods were applied at the same sample in parallel in a typical test design containing a gas volume for water distribution next to the calcium layer of 60 and 1000 nm thickness, respectively. The common assumption for the interpretation of such measurement data is laterally homogeneous calcium consumption of the layer from top to bottom. In contrast, we observed a significant ratio of laterally inhomogeneous corrosion of the calcium on the micro-scale for both thicknesses. Some areas were strongly or completely corroded through the whole layer while others exhibited less or no corrosion. Furthermore, those corroded spots grew in lateral direction. As a consequence of lateral inhomogeneous calcium corrosion the electrical calcium measurement method underestimates the amount of calcium left; according to our results this does not affect the water vapor transmission rate (WVTR). Optical data evaluated by Lambert-Beer law underestimate the amount of calcium left as well and also underestimate the WVTR. If the data are evaluated, using a linear relationship between transmission and amount of calcium left, the both values are more precise. The scope of this study is to call attention to the existence of lateral inhomogeneity in calcium corrosion and its impact on the calcium permeation measurements. While more investigations would be needed to quantify the effect of this inhomogeneity on the electrical and optical method in general, the discussion sheds light on the way, calcium test data are influenced by lateral inhomogeneous calcium corrosion. Our observations highlight the need for careful interpretation of calcium test resu- ts, but also demonstrate its capabilities for precise ultrahigh barrier measurements.
机译：钙薄膜与水的反应（通过光或电监控）被广泛用于评估用于有机电子设备封装的超高阻隔箔。我们研究了常见的光学和电气方法，并将它们与原位原子力显微镜的形貌扫描进行了比较。在典型的测试设计中，将这三种方法并行应用在同一样品上，该测试设计分别包含一个用于分布水的气体体积，分别紧邻60和1000 nm厚度的钙层。解释此类测量数据的常见假设是该层从上到下的横向均质钙消耗量。相反，我们观察到两种厚度的钙在横向上均不均匀地腐蚀的比例很大。一些区域在整个层中被强烈或完全腐蚀，而其他区域则表现出很少或没有腐蚀。此外，那些腐蚀的斑点在横向上生长。由于横向不均匀的钙腐蚀，电钙测量方法会低估剩余的钙量；根据我们的结果，这不会影响水蒸气透过率（WVTR）。根据兰伯特-比尔定律评估的光学数据也低估了剩余的钙含量，也低估了WVTR。如果使用透射率和剩余钙量之间的线性关系对数据进行评估，则这两个值都会更精确。这项研究的范围是要引起人们对钙腐蚀中横向不均匀性的存在及其对钙渗透测量的影响的关注。通常需要进行更多的研究以量化这种不均匀性对电学和光学方法的影响，但讨论为人们提供了途径，但钙测试数据受侧向不均匀钙腐蚀的影响。我们的观察结果突出了需要仔细解释钙测试结果的必要性，同时也证明了其用于精确的超高势垒测量的能力。

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