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Pulsed rotating supersonic source for merged molecular beams

机译:合并分子束的脉冲旋转超声源

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We describe a pulsed rotating supersonic beam source, evolved from an ancestral device [M. Gupta and D. Herschbach, J. Phys. Chem. A 105, 1626 (2001)]. The beam emerges from a nozzle near the tip of a hollow rotor which can be spun at high-speed to shift the molecular velocity distribution downward or upward over a wide range. Here we consider mostly the slowing mode. Introducing a pulsed gas inlet system, cryocooling, and a shutter gate eliminated the main handicap of the original device in which continuous gas flow imposed high background pressure. The new version provides intense pulses, of duration 0.1–0.6 ms (depending on rotor speed) and containing ∼1012 molecules at lab speeds as low as 35 m/s and ∼1015 molecules at 400 m/s. Beams of any molecule available as a gas can be slowed (or speeded); e.g., we have produced slow and fast beams of rare gases, O2, Cl2, NO2, NH3, and SF6. For collision experiments, the ability to scan the beam speed by merely adjusting the rotor is especially advantageous when using two merged beams. By closely matching the beam speeds, very low relative collision energies can be attained without making either beam very slow.
机译:我们描述了一种从祖传装置发展而来的脉冲旋转超声束源[M. Gupta和D.Herschbach,J.Phys。化学A 105,1626(2001)]。光束从中空转子顶端附近的喷嘴射出,可以高速旋转以使分子速度分布在较大范围内向下或向上移动。在这里,我们主要考虑减速模式。引入脉冲进气系统,低温冷却和百叶窗消除了原始设备的主要障碍,在原始设备中,连续的气流施加了较高的背景压力。新版本提供强脉冲,持续时间为0.1–0.6 ms(取决于转子速度),并且在实验室速度低至35 m / s和〜10 15 <时包含约10 12 个分子分子速度为400 m / s。可以减慢(或加快)气体中任何可用分子的束;例如,我们生产了慢速和快速光束的稀有气体O2,Cl2,NO2,NH3和SF6。对于碰撞实验,当使用两个合并的光束时,仅通过调整转子来扫描光束速度的能力特别有利。通过紧密匹配光束速度,可以获得非常低的相对碰撞能量,而不会使任一光束都非常慢。

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