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AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES IN JAPAN: TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY, GROWTH AND UNEMPLOYMENT

机译:日本的集聚经济:技术效率,增长和失业

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This paper examines if the effects of agglomeration economies are manifested in technical efficiency and generate faster economic growth and higher (lower) levels of employment (unemployment). Using the prefecture level data for each of the two-digit groups of industries in Japan, it estimates a region-specific technical efficiency index based on the stochastic frontier production function framework. The factor analysis shows that in most of the industry-groups, efficiency has a positive association with external scale variable(s). Though the relationship is not very strong, it would be erroneous to ignore the effect of agglomeration economies on efficiency. For some light goods industries, the agglomeration effect is relatively stronger. Economic growth varies positively with external scale vari-able(s) and the unemployment rate tends to fall with respect to growth and concentration. This suggests that measures against industrial concentration may be counter-productive, particularly in the context of globalization when countries greatly need to raise productivity.
机译:本文研究了集聚经济的影响是否体现在技术效率上,是否产生了更快的经济增长和更高(更低)的就业水平(失业)。它使用日本两位两位行业组的地级数据,根据随机前沿生产函数框架来估算特定地区的技术效率指数。因子分析表明,在大多数行业组中,效率与外部规模变量呈正相关。尽管这种关系不是很牢固,但忽视集聚经济对效率的影响将是错误的。对于某些轻工行业而言,集聚效应相对较强。经济增长与外部规模变量呈正相关,失业率相对于增长和集中度趋于下降。这表明,针对工业集中度的措施可能适得其反,特别是在全球化背景下,当国家非常需要提高生产率时。

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