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Vitamin D and the skin: Physiology and pathophysiology

机译：维生素D和皮肤：生理和病理生理

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摘要

The keratinocytes of the skin are unique in being not only the primary source of vitamin D for the body, but in possessing both the enzymatic machinery to metabolize the vitamin D produced to active metabolites (in particular 1,25(OH)2D) and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) that enables the keratinocytes to respond to the 1,25(OH)2D thus generated. Numerous functions of the skin are regulated by vitamin D and/or its receptor. These include inhibition of proliferation, stimulation of differentiation including formation of the permeability barrier, promotion of innate immunity, regulation of the hair follicle cycle, and suppression of tumor formation. Regulation of these actions is exerted by a number of different coregulator complexes including the coactivators vitamin D receptor interacting protein (DRIP) complex also known as Mediator and the steroid receptor coactivator (SRC) family (of which SRC 2 and 3 are found in keratincytes), the inhibitor hairless (Hr), and β-catenin whose impact on VDR function is complex. Different coregulators appear to be involved in different VDR regulated functions. This review will examine the various functions of vitamin D and its receptor in the skin, and explore the mechanisms by which these functions are regulated.
机译：皮肤的角质形成细胞不仅是人体维生素D的主要来源，而且拥有将产生的维生素D代谢成活性代谢物（特别是1,25（OH）2的酶促机制）的独特之处 D）和使角质形成细胞对如此生成的1,25（OH） 2 D作出反应的维生素D受体（VDR）。皮肤的许多功能由维生素D和/或其受体调节。这些措施包括抑制增殖，刺激分化（包括形成通透性屏障），促进先天免疫，调节毛囊周期以及抑制肿瘤形成。这些作用的调节是由许多不同的调节剂复合物施加的，包括共激活剂维生素D受体相互作用蛋白（DRIP）复合物，也称为介体和类固醇受体共激活物（SRC）家族（其中SRC 2和3在角蛋白细胞中发现） ，抑制剂无毛（Hr）和β-连环蛋白，它们对VDR功能的影响复杂。不同的调节器似乎参与了不同的VDR调节功能。本文将探讨维生素D及其在皮肤中的受体的各种功能，并探讨调节这些功能的机制。

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