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Valuing Equal Protection in Aviation Security Screening

机译：重视航空保安检查中的平等保护

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The growing number of anti-terrorism policies has elevated public concerns about discrimination. Within the context of airport security screening, the current study examines how American travelers value the principle of equal protection by quantifying the equity premium that they are willing to sacrifice to avoid screening procedures that result in differential treatments. In addition, we applied the notion of procedural justice to explore the effect of alternative selective screening procedures on the value of equal protection. Two-hundred and twenty-two respondents were randomly assigned to one of three selective screening procedures: (1) randomly, (2) using behavioral indicators, or (3) based on demographic characteristics. They were asked to choose between airlines using either an equal or a discriminatory screening procedure. While the former requires all passengers to be screened in the same manner, the latter mandates all passengers undergo a quick primary screening and, in addition, some passengers are selected for a secondary screening based on a predetermined selection criterion. Equity premiums were quantified in terms of monetary cost, wait time, convenience, and safety compromise. Results show that equity premiums varied greatly across respondents, with many indicating little willingness to sacrifice to avoid inequitable screening, and a smaller minority willing to sacrifice anything to avoid the discriminatory screening. The selective screening manipulation was effective in that equity premiums were greater under selection by demographic characteristics compared to the other two procedures.
机译：越来越多的反恐政策使公众更加关注歧视。在机场安全检查的背景下，本研究研究了美国旅客如何通过量化他们愿意为避免进行导致区别对待的检查程序而愿意牺牲的股权溢价来珍视平等保护的原则。此外，我们运用程序正义的概念来探讨选择性筛选程序对平等保护价值的影响。 222名受访者被随机分配到以下三种选择性筛查程序之一：（1）随机，（2）使用行为指标或（3）根据人口统计学特征。他们被要求使用平等或歧视性筛选程序在航空公司之间进行选择。前者要求以相同的方式对所有乘客进行检查，而后者则要求所有乘客都进行一次快速的初次检查，此外，根据预定的选择标准，选择一些乘客进行二次检查。股票溢价是根据货币成本，等待时间，便利性和安全性折衷来量化的。结果表明，不同受访者之间的股权溢价差异很大，许多人表示愿意牺牲以避免不公平的筛查，而少数人愿意牺牲任何东西来避免歧视性筛查。选择性筛选操作之所以有效，是因为根据人口统计学特征选择的股权溢价比其他两种方法更大。

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