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Are Economic Development and Education Improvement Associated with Participation in Transnational Terrorism?

机译：经济发展和教育改善与参与跨国恐怖主义有关吗？

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摘要

Using transnational terrorism data from 1980 to 2000, this study empirically examines the relationships between frequency of participation in transnational terrorism acts and economic development and education improvement. We find an inverse U-shaped association between the frequency of various nationals acting as perpetrators in transnational terrorism acts and per capita income in their respective home countries. As per capita incomes increase from relatively low levels, frequencies of participation in transnational terrorism increase. However, at sufficiently higher levels of per capita income, further increase in per capita income is negatively associated with the rate of participation in transnational terrorism. Education improvement from elementary to secondary is positively correlated with frequency of participation in transnational terrorism events, whereas further improvement from secondary to tertiary level is negatively correlated with participation in transnational terrorism. We also find that citizens of countries with greater openness to international trade, lower degree of income inequality, greater economic freedom, larger proportion of population with tertiary education, and less religious prevalence participate in transnational terrorism events less frequently.
机译：本研究使用1980年至2000年的跨国恐怖主义数据，实证研究了参与跨国恐怖主义行为的频率与经济发展和教育改善之间的关系。我们发现，在跨国恐怖主义行为中作为犯罪者的国民的频率与他们本国的人均收入之间存在着倒U型联系。随着人均收入从相对较低的水平增加，参与跨国恐怖主义的频率增加。但是，在人均收入足够高的情况下，人均收入的进一步增加与参与跨国恐怖主义活动的比率负相关。从小学到中学的教育改善与参加跨国恐怖主义事件的发生率呈正相关，而从中学到高等教育的进一步改善与参与跨国恐怖主义的发生呈负相关。我们还发现，对国际贸易更开放，收入不平等程度较低，经济自由度较高，受高等教育的人口比例较高以及宗教盛行的国家的公民较少参加跨国恐怖主义事件。

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