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Optimal Food Safety Sampling Under a Budget Constraint

机译：预算约束下的最佳食品安全抽样

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摘要

Much of the literature regarding food safety sampling plans implicitly assumes that all lots entering commerce are tested. In practice, however, only a fraction of lots may be tested due to a budget constraint. In such a case, there is a tradeoff between the number of lots tested and the number of samples per lot. To illustrate this tradeoff, a simple model is presented in which the optimal number of samples per lot depends on the prevalence of sample units that do not conform to microbiological specifications and the relative costs of sampling a lot and of drawing and testing a sample unit from a lot. The assumed objective is to maximize the number of nonconforming lots that are rejected subject to a food safety sampling budget constraint. If the ratio of the cost per lot to the cost per sample unit is substantial, the optimal number of samples per lot increases as prevalence decreases. However, if the ratio of the cost per lot to the cost per sample unit is sufficiently small, the optimal number of samples per lot reduces to one (i.e., simple random sampling), regardless of prevalence. In practice, the cost per sample unit may be large relative to the cost per lot due to the expense of laboratory testing and other factors. Designing effective compliance assurance measures depends on economic, legal, and other factors in addition to microbiology and statistics.
机译：有关食品安全抽样计划的许多文献都隐含地假设所有进入商业的批次都经过测试。然而，实际上，由于预算限制，只能测试一部分。在这种情况下，要测试的批次数与每批次的样本数之间需要权衡。为了说明这种权衡，提出了一个简单的模型，其中，每批样品的最佳数量取决于不符合微生物学规范的样品单元的普遍性以及大量样品以及从中提取和测试样品单元的相对成本。很多。假定的目标是在食品安全抽样预算约束下，将不合格批次的数量最大化。如果每批次成本与每样本单位成本的比率相当大，则随着患病率的降低，每批次样本的最佳数量会增加。但是，如果每批次的成本与每样本单位的成本之比足够小，则无论患病率如何，每批次的最佳样本数都会减少到一个（即简单随机抽样）。在实践中，由于实验室测试的费用和其他因素，每个样品单位的成本相对于每批次的成本可能会很大。设计有效的合规保证措施还取决于微生物，统计数据以及经济，法律和其他因素。

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  • 来源
    《Risk analysis》 |2014年第1期|93-100|共8页
  • 作者

    Mark R. Powell;

  • 作者单位

    United States Department of Agriculture, Office of Risk Assessment and Cost Benefit Analysis, 1400 Independence Ave., SW (MS 3811), Washington, DC 20250, USA;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Food safety; sampling plan;

    机译：食品安全;抽样计划;

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