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When Opportunity Matters: Comparing the Risk-Taking Attitudes of Prisoners and Recently Released Ex-Prisoners

机译：当机会重要时：比较囚犯和最近释放的前囚犯的冒险态度

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Risk-taking tendencies and environmental opportunities to commit crime are two key features in understanding criminal behavior. Upon release from prison, ex-prisoners have a much greater opportunity to engage in risky activity and to commit criminal acts. We hypothesized that ex-prisoners would exhibit greater risk-taking tendencies compared to prisoners who have fewer opportunities to engage in risky activity and who are monitored constantly by prison authorities. Using cumulative prospect theory to compare the risky choices of prisoners and ex-prisoners our study revealed that ex-prisoners who were within 16 weeks of their prison release made riskier choices than prisoners. Our data indicate that previous studies comparing prisoners behind bars with nonoffenders may have underestimated the risk-taking tendencies of offenders. The present findings emphasize the central role played by risk-taking attitudes in criminal offending and highlight a need to examine offenders after release from prison.
机译：冒险行为和犯罪的环境机会是了解犯罪行为的两个关键特征。从监狱释放后，前囚犯有更大的机会从事危险活动和犯罪行为。我们假设与囚犯从事危险活动的机会较少且受到监狱当局不断监视的囚犯相比，前囚犯会表现出更大的冒险倾向。我们使用累积前景理论来比较囚犯和前囚犯的风险选择，我们的研究表明，在释放监狱后16周内的前囚犯比囚犯做出的选择风险更高。我们的数据表明，以前对囚犯与非罪犯进行比较的研究可能低估了罪犯的冒险倾向。本调查结果强调了冒险态度在刑事犯罪中的核心作用，并强调了在出狱后对犯罪者进行检查的必要性。

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