• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>Risk analysis >Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century: Implications for Human Health Risk Assessment
【24h】

Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century: Implications for Human Health Risk Assessment

机译：21世纪的毒性测试：对人类健康风险评估的启示

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

At the request of the Environmental Protection Agency, the National Research Council (NRC) recently completed a major report entitled Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century: A Vision and a Strategy. The terms of reference for this report were to develop a long-range vision and strategic plan to advance the practices of toxicity testing and human health assessment of environmental agents. The report describes how current and anticipated scientific advances can be expected to transform toxicity testing to permit broader coverage of the universe of potentially toxic chemicals to which humans may be exposed, using more timely and more cost-effective methods for toxicity testing. The report envisages greatly expanded use of high- and medium-throughput in vitro screening assays, computational toxicology, and systems biology, along with other emerging high-content testing methodologies, such as functional genomics and transcriptomics. When fully implemented, the vision will transform the ways toxicity testing and chemical risk assessment are conducted, moving away from measuring apical health endpoints in experimental animals toward identification of significant perturbations of toxicity pathways using in vitro tests in human cells and cell lines. Population-based studies incorporating relevant biomarkers will also be useful in identifying pathway perturbations directly in humans and in interpreting the results of in vitro tests in the context of human health risk assessment. The present article summarizes and extends the NRC report and examines its implications for risk assessment practice.
机译：应环境保护署的要求，国家研究委员会（NRC）最近完成了一份题为《 21世纪毒性测试：愿景和策略》的重要报告。本报告的职权范围是制定远景规划和战略计划，以推进对环境因素的毒性测试和人体健康评估的实践。该报告描述了如何使用更及时，更具成本效益的毒性测试方法，如何预期当前和预期的科学进展来转变毒性测试，从而使人类可能接触的潜在有毒化学物质的范围更广。该报告设想，高通量和中通量的体外筛选测定，计算毒理学和系统生物学以及其他新兴的高含量检测方法（如功能基因组学和转录组学）的应用将大大扩展。全面实施后，该愿景将改变进行毒性测试和化学风险评估的方式，从测量实验动物的顶端健康终点转向使用人体细胞和细胞系中的体外测试确定毒性途径的显着扰动。结合相关生物标记物的基于人群的研究也将有助于直接在人体中识别途径干扰，并在人类健康风险评估的背景下解释体外测试的结果。本文总结并扩展了NRC报告，并研究了其对风险评估实践的影响。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Risk analysis》 |2009年第4期|474-479|共6页
  • 作者

    Daniel Krewski; Melvin E. Andersen; Ellen Mantus; Lauren Zeise;

  • 作者单位

    University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Room 320,1 Stewart St., Ottawa, KIN 6N5, Canada;

    Hamner Institutes for Health Research, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA;

    National Research Council, Washington, USA;

    California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, USA;

  • 收录信息
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号