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首页> 外文期刊>Risk analysis >The Use of Multizone Models to Estimate an Airborne Chemical Contaminant Generation and Decay Profile: Occupational Exposures of Hairdressers to Vinyl Chloride in Hairspray During the 1960s and 1970s
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The Use of Multizone Models to Estimate an Airborne Chemical Contaminant Generation and Decay Profile: Occupational Exposures of Hairdressers to Vinyl Chloride in Hairspray During the 1960s and 1970s

机译：多区域模型的使用来估算空气中化学污染物的产生和衰减曲线：1960年代和1970年代期间，美发师在发胶中的职业接触氯乙烯

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Vinyl chloride (VC) was used as a propellant in a limited percentage of aerosol hairspray products in the United States from approximately 1967 to 1973. The question has arisen whether occupational exposures of hairdressers to VC-containing hairsprays in hair salons were sufficient to increase the risk for developing hepatic angiosarcoma (HAS). Transient two-zone and steady-state three-zone models were used to estimate the historical airborne concentration of VC for individual hairdressers using hairspray as well as estimated contributions from other hairdressers in the same salon. Concentrations of VC were modeled for small, medium, and large salons, as well as a representative home salon. Model inputs were determined using published literature, and variability in these inputs was also considered using Monte Carlo techniques. The 95th percentile for the daily time-weighted average exposure for small, medium, and large salons, assuming a market-share fraction of VC-containing hairspray use from the Monte Carlo analysis, was about 0.3 ppm, and for the home salon scenario was 0.1 ppm. The 95th percentile value for the cumulative lifetime exposure of the hairdressers was 2.8 ppm-years for the home salon scenario and 2.0 ppm-years for the small, medium, and large salon scenarios. If using the assumption that all hairsprays used in a salon contained VC, the 95th percentile of the theoretical lifetime cumulative dose was estimated to be 52-79 ppm-years. Estimated lifetime doses were all below the threshold dose for HAS of about 300 to 500 ppm-years reported in the published epidemiology literature.
机译：大约从1967年到1973年，在美国，氯乙烯（VC）在一定比例的气溶胶喷发产品中用作推进剂。由此产生的问题是，美发师在美发沙龙中职业接触含VC的发胶是否足以增加发生肝血管肉瘤（HAS）的风险。使用瞬态两区和稳态三区模型来估计使用发胶的单个理发师的历史空气传播的VC浓度，以及同一沙龙中其他理发师的估算贡献。 VC的浓度是针对小型，中型和大型沙龙以及具有代表性的家庭沙龙建模的。使用已发表的文献确定模型输入，并使用蒙特卡洛技术考虑这些输入的可变性。假设从蒙特卡洛分析得出，含VC的定型发胶使用的市场份额约为0.3 ppm，则小型，中型和大型沙龙的每日时间加权平均暴露的95％约为0.3 ppm，而家庭沙龙的情况是0.1 ppm。对于家庭沙龙场景，美发师的终生累积暴露的第95个百分位数值为2.8 ppm年，对于小型，中型和大型沙龙场景，则为2.0 ppm年。如果使用沙龙中使用的所有发胶均含有VC的假设，则理论寿命累积剂量的第95个百分位数估计为52-79 ppm-年。估计的终生剂量均低于已发表的流行病学文献中报道的HAS阈值剂量（约300至500 ppm-年）。

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