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Identification of the Characteristics and Risk Factors of the BSE Epidemic in the Netherlands

机译：查明荷兰BSE流行病的特征和危险因素

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It is generally accepted that the bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) epidemic is transmitted by feed contamination with meat and bone meal (MBM). Whether in some cases substances other than MBM have caused the spread of this disease cannot be excluded at present. Detailed knowledge about country-specific transmission routes and relevant risk factors is important to perform accurate risk analyses and to control BSE. In the present study all possible information of Dutch BSE cases was collected. The general epidemiological data were first used for a comprehensive descriptive analysis of the Dutch BSE epidemic. A case-control study was performed to identify the risk factors associated with the occurrence of BSE cases in the Netherlands. Sixty-eight of the 76 BSE cases enrolled in the case-control study. With an oral questionnaire information was collected about cow and farm management. The same questionnaire was used in interviews at 128 randomly selected control farms. Detailed analysis of the case anamneses showed that all affected cows could have been exposed to MBM from pig or poultry feed as a result of cross-contamination. In the case-control study, only feed producer appeared to be a relevant risk factor. Differences in log odds between feed producers were related to the moment of separation of production lines and to the origin of the MBM. The results suggest that there were meaningful differences in the level of infectivity in MBM from different origins at the time that cross-contamination was still possible. No other risk factors, either farm or cow related, were significantly associated with the occurrence of BSE.
机译：人们普遍认为，牛海绵状脑病（BSE）的流行是通过肉和骨粉（MBM）的饲料污染传播的。目前尚不能排除在某些情况下除MBM以外的其他物质是否引起了这种疾病的传播。有关特定国家/地区的传播途径和相关风险因素的详细知识对于进行准确的风险分析和控制疯牛病很重要。在本研究中，收集了荷兰疯牛病病例的所有可能信息。一般的流行病学数据首先用于对荷兰BSE流行病进行全面的描述性分析。进行了一项病例对照研究，以确定与荷兰BSE病例发生相关的危险因素。在76例BSE病例中，有68例参与了病例对照研究。通过口头问卷收集了有关奶牛和农场管理的信息。在128个随机选择的对照农场的访谈中使用了相同的问卷。对病例回忆的详细分析表明，由于交叉污染，所有受影响的母牛都可能已暴露于来自猪或家禽饲料的MBM。在病例对照研究中，只有饲料生产者似乎是相关的危险因素。饲料生产商之间对数赔率的差异与生产线分离的时间以及肉骨粉的起源有关。结果表明，在仍然可能发生交叉污染的时候，来自不同来源的MBM的感染力水平存在有意义的差异。没有其他与农场或奶牛有关的危险因素与疯牛病的发生显着相关。

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