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Why Has Safety Improved at Rail-Highway Grade Crossings?

机译：为什么铁路公路平交道口的安全性得到改善？

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The number of collisions and fatalities at rail-highway intersections in the United States has declined significantly over the past 30 years, despite considerable increases in the volume of rail and highway traffic. This article disaggregates the improvement into its constituent causes. Negative binomial regressions are conducted on a pooled data set for 49 states from 1975 to 2001. The analysis concludes that about two-fifths of the decrease is due to factors such as reduced drunk driving and improved emergency medical response that have improved safety on all parts of the highway network. The installation of gates and/or flashing lights accounts for about a fifth of the reduction. The development in the 1970s and early 1980s of the Operation Lifesaver public education campaign, and the installation of additional lights on locomotives in the mid 1990s, each led to about a seventh of the reduction. Finally, about a tenth is due to closure of crossings resulting from line abandonments or consolidation of little-used crossings.
机译：尽管铁路和公路交通量大大增加，但在过去30年中，美国铁路-公路交叉路口的撞车和死亡人数已大大减少。本文将改进分为其成因。从1975年到2001年，对49个州的汇总数据集进行了负二项式回归。分析得出的结论是，下降的五分之二是由于诸如醉酒驾驶减少和紧急医疗响应改善等因素，这些因素在各个方面都提高了安全性公路网。门和/或闪光灯的安装约占减少的五分之一。 1970年代和1980年代初期的“救命行动”公共教育运动的发展，以及1990年代中期在机车上安装额外的照明灯，均减少了大约七分之一。最后，大约有十分之一是由于放弃行或合并很少使用的交叉路口而导致的交叉路口封闭。

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