I thank the discussants for such detailed and thoughtful comments about my article. I will not respond here to what they wrote, because I disagree with very few of their points. Readers will understand that, while I did not discuss at length the privacy issues associated with CAPPS II, I was not suggesting that such issues are unimportant. And I hardly support a myopic aviation-security program that focuses mostly on preventing a literal repetition of the 9/11 hijackings. I was considering the effectiveness of CAPPS II "on its own terms," without implying that these were the only proper terms for evaluation. Since my article was completed in March 2003, there have been several noteworthy developments related to CAPPS II. (They do not, however, in my view, vitiate the points I made.) Let me use this space to recount these developments, with a few interpretative comments.
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