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PER Pressure: New Jersey's 'Population Emissions Ratio Environmental Equity Screening Model

机译：PER压力：新泽西州的“人口排放比环境公平筛选模型

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In recent years, much attention has focused on how to incorporate environmental equity considerations into government permitting programs for environmentally regulated facilities. On February 4, 2002, the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) became the first state environmental agency to propose a broad legally binding rule intended to guard against environmental inequity in its permitting decisions. The proposed rule centered on an innovative computerized environmental equity (EE) screening model that used "Population Emissions Ratios" to identify small geographic areas in which environmental equity concerns might exist and to simulate the effect on statewide environmental equity of increasing environmental risks in small geographic areas. The NJDEP's model examined an extensive array of ethnic groups, included a variety of environmental risks, evaluated most of those risks in terms of human health, and used an innovative simulation process designed to identify permitting decisions that would worsen statewide environmental inequity. The results of the NJDEP's efforts, however, pose substantial concerns. For example, some key provisions of the NJDEP's model were inadequately explained and some were illogical and would bias its results. The model might be susceptible to generating implausible results due to small, meaningless, and/or essentially random fluctuations in its data inputs. The model used relatively large geographic areas as the units of analysis and interpolated results between them, rather than using smaller geographic areas and avoiding interpolation errors. Finally, the environmental risks evaluated by the model were both arguably over- and underinclusive. Thus, the NJDEP's efforts, although noteworthy, raised more issues than they settled.
机译：近年来，很多注意力集中在如何将环境公平考虑因素纳入环境许可设施的政府许可计划中。 2002年2月4日，新泽西州环境保护局（NJDEP）成为第一个提出广泛的具有法律约束力的规则的州环境保护机构，旨在在其许可决策中防止环境不平等。拟议规则以创新的计算机化环境股权（EE）筛选模型为中心，该模型使用“人口排放率”来识别可能存在环境股权问题的小地理区域，并模拟在小地理区域中增加环境风险对全州环境股权的影响地区。 NJDEP的模型检查了广泛的种族群体，包括各种环境风险，从人类健康的角度评估了大多数风险，并使用了创新的模拟流程，旨在识别允许恶化全州环境不平等的决策。但是，NJDEP努力的结果引起了极大的关注。例如，对NJDEP模型的一些关键规定没有充分解释，而某些则是不合逻辑的，可能会使其结果产生偏差。由于其数据输入中的微小，无意义和/或基本随机的波动，该模型可能易于产生难以置信的结果。该模型使用相对较大的地理区域作为分析单位并在它们之间进行插值，而不是使用较小的地理区域并避免插值错误。最后，该模型评估的环境风险可以说是过高和过低的。因此，尽管NJDEP的努力值得关注，但提出的问题多于解决的问题。

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