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A Technical Description of LARS and Lumi: Two Apparatus for Studying Tire-Pavement Interactions

机译：LARS和Lumi的技术描述：研究轮胎-路面相互作用的两种设备

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摘要

The controllability of a vehicle equipped with tires decreases under certain circumstances. One of these circumstances is in winter, where snow and ice affect tire-pavement interaction and thus friction. In such conditions, the control of the vehicle might be lost, which results in longer braking distances or unsafe steering. The presence of snow, ice, water, sand or chemicals makes the interaction between tire and pavement extremely complex. As interfacial property, the frictional phenomenon, depends on both the tire and the underlying pavement. Therefore, friction on ice and snow depends both on the material (snow/ice) in itself and on the system which it belongs to. In pavement engineering, the typical system composed by tire, pavement, interfacial medium such as snow/ice, and environment is defined as tribosystem. Several outdoor and indoor tests are performed during winter time to increase the knowledge of this system in snowy and icy conditions. Nevertheless, outdoor testing is challenging due to the unpredictability of the weather conditions and test area. On the other hand, indoor tests allow the understanding of the whole system in controlled conditions. Several known indoor facilities investigate tire pavement interaction and thus the frictional phenomenon. However, most of them lack the linear testing of a real tire moving at high testing speed, especially for underlying pavement surface such as snow or salted snow. The Linear Analyser of Road Surface conditions (LARS) at our research center aim to fill this gap. LARS and a snow producing machine (Lumi) forms the core of this laboratory. The object of this paper is to provide a detailed description of our facilities.
机译：在某些情况下，配备轮胎的车辆的可控制性降低。这些情况之一是在冬天，那里的冰雪会影响轮胎与路面的相互作用，从而影响摩擦。在这种情况下，可能会失去对车辆的控制，从而导致更长的制动距离或不安全的转向。雪，冰，水，沙子或化学物质的存在使轮胎与人行道之间的相互作用极为复杂。作为界面特性，摩擦现象既取决于轮胎又取决于下面的路面。因此，冰雪上的摩擦不仅取决于物质（雪/冰）本身，还取决于其所属的系统。在路面工程中，由轮胎，路面，界面介质（如雪/冰）和环境组成的典型系统定义为摩擦系统。在冬季，会进行几次室外和室内测试，以增加在下雪和冰冷条件下对该系统的了解。尽管如此，由于天气条件和测试区域的不可预测性，户外测试仍然具有挑战性。另一方面，室内测试可让您在受控条件下了解整个系统。一些已知的室内设施研究轮胎与路面的相互作用，从而研究摩擦现象。然而，它们中的大多数都缺乏以高测试速度运动的真实轮胎的线性测试，尤其是对于下层路面（例如雪或盐渍雪）而言。我们研究中心的路面状况线性分析仪（LARS）旨在填补这一空白。 LARS和造雪机（Lumi）构成了该实验室的核心。本文的目的是提供我们设施的详细描述。

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  • 来源
    《Routes Roads》 |2017年第375期|49-54|共6页
  • 作者

    Henri Giudici; Mathis Dahl Fenre; Alex Klein-Paste; Katja-Pauliina Rekilae;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Civil and Transport Engineering, University of Norwegian Science and Technology, Trondheim;

    Department of Civil and Transport Engineering, University of Norwegian Science and Technology, Trondheim;

    Department of Civil and Transport Engineering, University of Norwegian Science and Technology, Trondheim;

    Norwegian Public Road Administration, Oslo, Norway;

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