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首页> 外文期刊>Russian journal of marine biology >More on the Factors that Limit the Abundance of Pacific Salmon (Oncorhynchus spp., Family Salmonidae) during the Ocean Phase of Their Life History
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More on the Factors that Limit the Abundance of Pacific Salmon (Oncorhynchus spp., Family Salmonidae) during the Ocean Phase of Their Life History

机译：更多关于限制太平洋鲑鱼（Oncorhynchus SPP。，家族Salminae）在其生命历史的海洋阶段的因素

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摘要

Two different viewpoints on the factors that limit the abundance of Pacific salmon in the sea and ocean phases of their life history are compared. According to traditional notions, food resources in sea and ocean epipelagic biotopes are limited and there is a severe competition for food between different species of the genus Oncorhynchus, which is particularly exhibited by the pink salmon O. gorbuscha. This results in a reduced abundance and worsening of some biological parameters of both pink and other salmon species. Negative anomalies of sea surface temperature, which decrease the food supply for these fish, are also traditionally considered as a factor that seriously restricts the salmon distribution in the marine life-history phase. A different point of view was expressed in the 1980s by the authors at TINRO-Center, based on comprehensive ecosystem studies of the Far Eastern seas and the North Pacific. According to this view, the food resources in the extensive salmon feeding range are not strictly limited and salmon play a secondary role in trophic webs within the subarctic epipelagic layer. The conclusion that salmon is a stenothermic fish was not confirmed, particularly for the cold-water conditions (salmon are found in the northern Bering Sea and the Sea of Okhotsk, with its harsh Arctic conditions, even in winter). New data obtained in 2018 support the latter viewpoint: in that year, the biomass of Russian salmon reached the historical maximum, primarily due to pink salmon, and the Russian catch of Pacific salmon was absolutely record-breaking, 677900 t.
机译：比较了两个不同的观点，限制了海洋和海洋阶段的太平洋鲑鱼丰富的因素。根据传统观念的说法，海洋和海洋腰背虫的食物资源是有限的，并且在桃牛肝属的不同种类之间的食物之间存在严重的竞争，这是由粉红色的鲑鱼O. Gorbuscha展出的。这导致粉红色和其他鲑鱼类的一些生物参数的丰富和恶化。海面温度的负异常，减少这些鱼的食物供应，也传统上也被认为是严重限制海洋生命历史阶段的鲑鱼分布的因素。基于远东海洋和北太平洋的综合生态系统研究，在20世纪80年代，在20世纪80年代表示不同的观点。根据这种观点，广泛的鲑鱼饲料范围内的食物资源并不严格限制，鲑鱼在亚曲线插脉内的营养网中发挥次要作用。结论是，鲑鱼是稳定性鱼类未经证实，特别是对于冷水条件（鲑鱼在北部白发大海和Okhotsk海洋中发现，甚至在冬季也是苛刻的北极状况）。在2018年获得的新数据支持后者的观点：在那一年中，俄罗斯鲑鱼的生物量达到了历史最大值，主要是由于粉红色的鲑鱼，俄罗斯捕获的太平洋鲑鱼绝对是录制的，677900 T。

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