Cultivation of Triple Hybrids of Russian, Siberian, and Amur Sturgeons at a Warm-Water Fish Farm

Amvrosov D. Yu; Rachek E. I

摘要

This study provides biological, fishery, and production characteristic of spawning females of a triple hybrid between the Russian sturgeon, Siberian sturgeon, and Amur sturgeon (RS x SS) x AS and other commercial hybrid sturgeon forms grown in the cages of a warm-water fish farm in Primorsky Krai, Russia. The survival rate of larvae and juveniles of the triple hybrid in conditions of warm-water pools and the survival rate of marketable-size sturgeon was higher than those of Amur sturgeon and hybrids between the Russian and Siberian sturgeons. The weights of the triple hybrid individuals at an age of 3 and 4 years were 1.58 and 2.36 kg, respectively. These values were higher than those recorded for the hybrids between Russian and Siberian sturgeons and close to the standard values for Amur sturgeon. The fish productivity reached 94 kg/m(2) of cage, or 134 kg/m(2) of cage taking fish that were sold into account. The values of this index were much higher than the standard values not only for Amur sturgeon, but also for other sturgeon species and hybrids. Up to 93% of the females reached maturity after being treated with a hormone-stimulating drug. The first female of the triple hybrid sturgeon became mature at an age of 9 years with a body weight of 13.1 kg. Maturation of the other females of the same year-class was stretched in time and lasted for 7 years, up to 16 years of age. Approximately 75% of them reached maturity at an age of 10-12 years. The maximum recorded weight of a female triple hybrid was 29 kg at an age of 14 years. The inter-spawning interval for 97% of females was 1-2 years. The average annual yield of hard roe obtained from one female at an age of 9-16 years per spawning event was 2.28 kg; the weight of one egg was 17.6 mg; the fecundity was 132 000 eggs; the relative working fecundity was 7440 eggs/kg; the oosomatic index was 12.8%. The values of most of the production indices for the female triple hybrids were intermediate between those characteristic of the initial species used for crossbreeding. For three or four spawning seasons, an average of 5.25 kg of hard roe, or 30% of body weight, was obtained from one female triple hybrid. The roe yield from the most productive females was 10.8-11.0 kg, or 55-73% of body weight. The roe of the triple hybrid sturgeon was distinguished by high quality and was used for manufacturing food products. Females were technologically well adapted for roe stripping and showed a high survival rate of approximately 98% during long-term exploitation. Thus, the triple hybrid of the Russian, Siberian, and Amur sturgeons can be recommended for commercial cultivation with a high production output at warm-water sturgeon farms. Female triple hybrids can be used for the production of quite large amounts of high-quality food caviar. Their roe yield is lower than that in Amur sturgeon and does not differ significantly from the roe yield in the hybrid between the Russian and Siberian sturgeons.

机译：这项研究提供了生物，渔业和产卵俄罗斯鲟，西伯利亚鲟和史氏鲟（RS X SS）×AS和其他商业杂交鲟形式在温水的笼子增长之间的三重混合型的女性生产特点养鱼场在滨海边疆区，俄罗斯。幼虫和温水游泳池和销售规模鲟鱼的成活率条件的三重混合幼鱼存活率显着高于施氏鲟和俄罗斯和西伯利亚鲟鱼之间的杂交高。三重杂交个体中的3和4岁为权重分别为1.58和2.36公斤，分别。这些值均较俄罗斯和西伯利亚鲟鱼之间，靠近了施氏鲟的标准值的杂交更高。鱼生产率已达9400公斤/米（2）笼服用鱼的笼，或134公斤/米（2），其被出售考虑的。该指数的值比不仅对施氏鲟，同时也为其他鲟鱼种类和混合动力车的标准值高得多。截至女性93％是用激素刺激药物治疗后达到成熟。三重杂交鲟第一阴成了9年的年龄与体重的13.1公斤成熟。同年级的其他女性的成熟的时间被拉长，历时7年，16岁的年龄。其中约75％在10 - 12年的年龄达到成熟。阴三重杂交体的最大记录重量为29公斤14岁年龄。为女性的97％间产卵间隔为1 - 2年。以每产卵事件9-16岁为从一个女性获得的硬鱼子的平均年化收益率是2.28公斤;一个鸡蛋的重量为17.6毫克;繁殖力是132个000鸡蛋;相对工作繁殖力为7440个卵/公斤;在oosomatic指数为12.8％。的大部分生产指数为女性三重杂种的值是那些用于杂交的初始物质的特性之间的中间。对于三个或四个产卵季节，平均5.25公斤硬鱼子，或体重的30％，从一个母三重混合获得。从最有生产力的雌性鱼卵产率为10.8-11.0千克，或体重的55-73％。三重杂交鲟鱼子用高质量区分并用于制造食物产品。雌性技术上很好地适应鱼子剥离和长期开发过程中显示出接近98％的高成活率。因此，可以建议与在温水鲟鱼养殖场高产量商业化种植的俄罗斯，西伯利亚和阿穆尔鲟鱼的三重混合。女子三级跳远杂种可以用于生产相当大量的高品质的食品鱼子酱。他们的净资产收益率收益率是史氏鲟低于并且不会在俄罗斯和西伯利亚鲟鱼的混合鱼子产量显著不同。

Cultivation of Triple Hybrids of Russian, Siberian, and Amur Sturgeons at a Warm-Water Fish Farm

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