In 1885 University of Edinburgh announced a prize for the best writer of an article on "India before and after the mutiny". Prafiilly Chandra Ray was then a student at the University of Edinburgh and submitted an essay for the competition. Though the essay was not considered the best, his article was declared as 'proximo accesserunt' or the nearest approach to the best. Prafulla Chandra Ray's article was full of diatribes against the British rule in India, replete with humour. The essay received unstinted praise from Sir William Muir, the Principal of the University in his address to the students of the University while opening the academic session of 1885. Prafulla Chandra Ray got this article printed and distributed among the students prefaced by an appeal to them to help in liberating India from the British rule. A second edition of the pamphlet was published a little later for the general public.
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