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CERAMIC MEMBRANE AND WATER PURIFICATION

机译：陶瓷膜和水净化

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摘要

Conventional water purification techniques are found to be unsuitable to address the mounting problem of water contamination. To combat the situation, membrane technology is being increasingly used for separation of soluble and insoluble components of raw water. Ceramic membrane, owing to its superior properties, has the potential for removal of toxic and nontoxic contaminants from ground as well as surface water leading to production of quality drinking water. This article describes a process developed by this Institute for simultaneous removal of arsenic and iron from contaminated ground water using ceramic membrane based technology. The technology is based on adsorption of arsenic by a colloidal media followed by separation using ceramic membrane. For removal of iron, Fe (Ⅱ) is converted to Fe (Ⅲ) by aerial oxidation and then separated by pressure driven cross flow microfiltration technique using indigenously developed alumina based ceramic membrane. This process is able to remove As from as high a concentration as 1.5 ppm to < 0.01 ppm and iron from 15 ppm to < 0.3 ppm conforming to the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation. The technology has been demonstrated on pilot plant scale (500 liters/day). Subsequently, upscaled to 2500 liters per day (LPD) for removal of arsenic & iron and to 5000 LPD for removal of iron. Seven iron and arsenic removal plants are now running in different areas of North 24 Parganas and Kolkata for last 2-3 years for community supply of quality drinking water.
机译：发现常规的水净化技术不适合解决水污染的安装问题。为了应对这种情况，膜技术正越来越多地用于分离原水中的可溶和不可溶成分。陶瓷膜由于其优越的性能，具有从地面以及地表水中去除有毒和无毒污染物的潜力，从而可以生产出优质的饮用水。本文介绍了由该研究所开发的一种工艺，该工艺使用基于陶瓷膜的技术从受污染的地下水中同时去除砷和铁。该技术基于胶体介质吸附砷，然后使用陶瓷膜进行分离。为了去除铁，Fe（Ⅱ）通过空气氧化转化为Fe（Ⅲ），然后使用本机开发的氧化铝基陶瓷膜通过压力驱动错流微滤技术进行分离。此过程能够按照世界卫生组织（WHO）的建议从1.5 ppm到<0.01 ppm的高浓度砷中去除15 ppm到<0.3 ppm的铁。该技术已在中试规模（500升/天）上得到了证明。随后，升至每天2500升（LPD）去除砷和铁，升至5000 LPD去除铁。过去2-3年中，北部24 Parganas和加尔各答的不同地区有七个除铁除砷厂，为社区提供优质饮用水。

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