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MEMBRANE TYPE MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES - IMPORTANCE IN TUMOUR BIOLOGY

机译：膜型基质金属蛋白酶-在肿瘤生物学中的重要性

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Proteolytic Events at the cell surface are of great interest in tumour biology due to their potential to regulate various cellular functions like cell migration. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) constitute a family of zinc dependant endopeptidases which can hydrolyse almost all components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). This allows tumour cells to migrate to their secondary sites of growth via blood and lymphatic vessels. MMPs have been implicated in cancer invasion and metastasis and increased MMP expression and activity has been demonstrated in many human tumours. MMPs can be classified into 5 subgroups according to their structures and substrate specificities:-collagenases, gelatinases, stromelysins, membrane-type MMPs and a heterogenous group composed of the other MMPs. Membrane -type matrix metalloproteinases (MT-MMPs) are a group of membrane anchored MMPs which possess a unique feature not found in other MMPs - a membrane spanning domain. MT1-MMP (MMP-14) was the first membrane-anchored MMP to be identified. It was cloned by Sato et al(1994). Subsequently, five other MT-MMPs have been identified - MT2-MMP (MMP-15), MT3-MMP (MMP-16), MT4-MMP (MMP-17), MT5-MMP (MMP-24) and MT6-MMP (MMP-25). MT1-MMP is the best studied and the most characterized among the MT-MMPs. Hence the following discussion shall concentrate mainly on its properties with some reference to the other members of the MT-MMP family.
机译：细胞表面的蛋白水解事件由于其调节多种细胞功能（如细胞迁移）的潜力而在肿瘤生物学中引起了极大的兴趣。基质金属蛋白酶（MMP）构成了锌依赖性肽链内切酶家族，可以水解细胞外基质（ECM）的几乎所有组分。这允许肿瘤细胞通过血液和淋巴管迁移至其次生生长部位。 MMP已经被证明与癌症的侵袭和转移有关，并且在许多人类肿瘤中已经证明了MMP表达和活性的增加。 MMPs根据其结构和底物特异性可分为5个亚组：胶原蛋白，明胶酶，溶菌素，膜型MMP和其他MMP组成的异源基团。膜型基质金属蛋白酶（MT-MMP）是一组膜锚定MMP，它们具有在其他MMP（跨膜域）中没有的独特功能。 MT1-MMP（MMP-14）是第一个被膜锚定的MMP。它是由Sato等人（1994年）克隆的。随后，确定了其他五个MT-MMP-MT2-MMP（MMP-15），MT3-MMP（MMP-16），MT4-MMP（MMP-17），MT5-MMP（MMP-24）和MT6-MMP （MMP-25）。 MT1-MMP是MT-MMP中研究最深入，最具特色的。因此，以下讨论将主要集中于其属性，并参考MT-MMP系列的其他成员。

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