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首页> 外文期刊>Science & global security >Neutron-Use Optimization with Virtual Experiments to Facilitate Research-Reactor Conversion to Low-Enriched Fuel
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Neutron-Use Optimization with Virtual Experiments to Facilitate Research-Reactor Conversion to Low-Enriched Fuel

机译：通过虚拟实验进行中子使用优化，以促进研究反应器向低浓燃料的转化

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摘要

Converting research reactors from highly enriched uranium (HEU) fuel to more proliferation-resistant low-enriched fuel is critical for achieving the objective of ending the use of directly weapon-usable materials in the civilian nuclear fuel cycle. The most challenging type of reactors to convert are high-flux research reactors, which, along with upcoming strong spallation sources, are the most important neutron sources for sophisticated neutron scattering experiments. Advanced Monte-Carlo computer codes are now available that make it possible to track neutrons from the neutron source, through neutron guides, to the detector of a neutronic experimental setup, including realistic samples. These "virtual experiments" allow optimizing the performance of complete beamlines, where in many cases a large unused potential exists for increasing the neutron flux at the sample or detector position. The Monte-Carlo codes VITESS and McStas are used to compare results for typical neutron scattering setups using typical versus state-of-the-art technologies. The analysis shows that performance gains due to instrument upgrades or neutron guide renewals can dwarf potential neutron flux losses due to conversion to low-enriched fuel. Combined convert-and-upgrade strategies therefore offer unique opportunities for reactor operators and neutron scientists to significantly improve the overall performance of research facilities, and turn them into centers of excellence, while supporting the objective of phasing out the use of highly enriched uranium in the civilian nuclear fuel cycle as soon as possible.
机译：将研究堆从高浓铀（HEU）燃料转变为更具扩散性的低浓铀燃料，对于实现在民用核燃料循环中终止直接使用武器可用材料的目标至关重要。要转换的最具挑战性的反应堆类型是高通量研究反应堆，它与即将出现的强散裂源一起，是进行复杂的中子散射实验的最重要的中子源。现已提供先进的蒙特卡洛计算机代码，可以通过中子导管从中子源跟踪中子，直至中子实验装置的检测器，包括实际样品。这些“虚拟实验”可以优化整个束线的性能，在许多情况下，存在很大的未利用电势，用于增加样品或检测器位置的中子通量。蒙特卡罗代码VITESS和McStas用于比较使用典型技术与最新技术的典型中子散射设置的结果。分析表明，由于仪器升级或中子导管更新而带来的性能提升，可以使因转换为低浓燃料而引起的潜在中子通量损失相形见war。因此，转换和升级相结合的策略为反应堆运营商和中子科学家提供了独特的机会，可以显着改善研究设施的整体性能，并将其转变为卓越中心，同时支持逐步淘汰高浓缩铀在实验室中使用的目标。民用核燃料应尽快循环。

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  • 来源
    《Science & global security》 |2012年第3期|141-154|共14页
  • 作者

    Alexander Glaser; Uwe Filges;

  • 作者单位

    Program on Science and Global Security, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA 221 Nassau St., Fl. 2, Princeton, NJ 08542, USA;

    Laboratory for Developments and Methods, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland;

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