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摘要

The breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991 brought about a number of unintended consequences and unusual problems pertaining to the weapons of mass destruction (WMD). The Soviet nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons complexes found themselves dispersed across newly independent states with their future being very uncertain and their funding severely reduced, delayed, or withdrawn. This happened against the background of major international treaties prescribing expensive downsizing or elimination of large parts of those complexes. As a result, Russia and other former Soviet Union states faced interrelated tasks pertinent to conducting nuclear and chemical disarmament and preventing proliferation of sensitive materials and expertise to state and non-state actors, which they found very difficult to address without external assistance. The United States and later other countries recognized the urgency and magnitude of this problem and tried to help address it by launching a plethora of assistance programs focusing on very different goals ranging from ending further production of nuclear materials to eliminating stockpiles of chemical weapons.
机译:1991年苏联解体带来了许多与大规模杀伤性武器有关的意外后果和异常问题。苏联的核,化学和生物武器综合体发现自己分散在新独立的国家中,其前途未卜,资金严重减少,延迟或撤出。这是在主要国际条约规定昂贵的缩小规模或消除这些建筑群的大部分的背景下发生的。结果,俄罗斯和其他前苏联国家面临与进行核裁军和化学裁军以及防止敏感材料和专门知识向国家和非国家行为者扩散有关的相互关联的任务,他们发现,如果没有外部援助,这些问题将很难解决。美国和后来的其他国家意识到了这个问题的紧迫性和严重性,并试图通过启动大量援助计划来帮助解决这一问题,这些计划的重点是非常不同的目标,从终止进一步生产核材料到消除化学武器库存。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Science & global security》 |2012年第3期|172-174|共3页
  • 作者

    Vitaly Fedchenko;

  • 作者单位

    Arms Control and Non-proliferation Programme, Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, Signalistgatan 9, SE-169 70, Solna, Sweden;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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