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Fabrication of lotus-type porous iron and its mechanical properties

机译：莲花型多孔铁的制备及其力学性能

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摘要

Porous iron whose long cylindrical pores are aligned in one direction has been fabricated by unidirectional solidification of the melt in a mixture gas of hydrogen (nitrogen) and argon. Both hydrogen and nitrogen saturated in the molten iron are rejected at the solid-liquid interface during the solidification due to the difference of solubility between the liquid and the solid. The gas pores are evolved from the hydrogen (nitrogen) insoluble in the solid iron, which grow unidirectionally. The porosity is controlled by the partial pressures of hydrogen (nitrogen) and argon during melting and solidification. By increasing the partial pressure of argon gas the pore formation is suppressed, since the pressure and, therefore, the density of the hydrogen (nitrogen) gas in the growing pore are increased with the total pressure of the atmosphere. The nitrogen concentration in solid iron fabricated under nitrogen atmosphere increases linearly with partial pressure of nitrogen, leading to the improvement of mechanical properties of the porous iron. The ultimate tensile strength and the yield strength of the porous iron with the pore orientation parallel and perpendicular to the tensile direction are about twice as high as those under hydrogen atmosphere. Such superior strength is attributed to the solid-solution hardening due to solute nitrogen atoms in iron matrix.
机译：通过在氢气（氮气）和氩气的混合气体中对熔体进行单向固化，可以制造出长圆柱孔沿一个方向排列的多孔铁。凝固过程中，由于液体和固体之间的溶解度不同，铁水中饱和的氢和氮都在固-液界面处被排斥。气孔由不溶于固态铁的氢（氮）产生，后者单向生长。孔隙率由熔化和固化过程中氢（氮）和氩的分压控制。通过增加氩气的分压，抑制了孔的形成，因为随着大气的总压力，压力以及因此生长的孔中的氢气（氮气）的密度增加。在氮气氛下制造的固态铁中的氮浓度随氮的分压线性增加，从而改善了多孔铁的机械性能。具有平行于和垂直于拉伸方向的孔取向的多孔铁的极限拉伸强度和屈服强度约为在氢气氛下的极限拉伸强度和屈服强度的两倍。这种优异的强度归因于铁基质中的固溶氮原子导致的固溶硬化。

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